Binance Square

Professor Of Information - BTC_CRYPTO

Open Trade
High-Frequency Trader
4.9 Years
Crypto is my life. Use crypto to transform the world and establish the financial freedom of the peoples of the world. Scamming and fraud in crypto intolerable
89 Following
849 Followers
7.4K+ Liked
292 Shared
All Content
Portfolio
PINNED
--
🚨 New Feature Alert in Pi Network Wallet! 🔥📱 💲Staking is now LIVE! ✅ 🎖️Want to grow your Pi while securing the network? You can now access the “Stakes” feature directly from your Pi Wallet inside the Pi Browser app! 💼🚀 🔍 How to Access: 1️⃣ Open the Pi Browser App 2️⃣ Tap “Wallet” under Core Team Apps 3️⃣ Inside your Wallet, click on “Stakes” 🔐 Start staking your Pi and earn while supporting the Pi Ecosystem! 💜🪙 #PiNetwork #PiWallet #PiStaking #CryptoNews #Web3 #Pioneers #PiMainnet #StakePi #PiEcosystem #PiApps
🚨 New Feature Alert in Pi Network Wallet! 🔥📱

💲Staking is now LIVE! ✅
🎖️Want to grow your Pi while securing the network? You can now access the “Stakes” feature directly from your Pi Wallet inside the Pi Browser app! 💼🚀

🔍 How to Access:
1️⃣ Open the Pi Browser App
2️⃣ Tap “Wallet” under Core Team Apps
3️⃣ Inside your Wallet, click on “Stakes” 🔐
Start staking your Pi and earn while supporting the Pi Ecosystem! 💜🪙

#PiNetwork #PiWallet #PiStaking #CryptoNews #Web3 #Pioneers #PiMainnet #StakePi #PiEcosystem #PiApps
XRP price: Why October will be the most bullish month of 2025 XRP’s( XRP ) price rose 5% in the past 24 hours, up 11% from its local low of $2.69 to trade just below $3 on Thursday. This move positioned XRP for further gains in October, backed by several onchain, technical and fundamental factors. Onchain data supports XRP breakout scenario XRP’s record quarterly close on Tuesday came as the price pushed above a key support zone between $2.75-$2.80, data from Cointelegraph Markets Pro and TradingView shows. The cost basis distribution heatmap shows significant activity in this area, where nearly 4.3 billion XRP were acquired, underscoring the importance of this level. Holding above was critical for a sustained recovery toward $3 and beyond. “$XRP is currently trading within a descending triangle pattern as buyers continue to defend the $2.8 support zone,” said Alpha Crypto Signal analysts, adding: “This compression is setting up for a decisive move.” The next significant resistance is expected to be at the 0.618 Fibonacci retracement level, around $3, the triangle’s descending trendline. A breakout above the descending trendline with substantial volume could trigger a bullish leg for XRP toward $3.40–$3.66. SEC’s ETF approval to boost XRP price October’s ETF spotlight could also add tailwinds to XRP, with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) deadlines looming mid-month. The agency is expected to decide on six spot XRP ETF applications, including Grayscale's, with a deadline of Oct. 18. The key deadlines for other applications fall between Oct. 19 and Oct. 25.
XRP price: Why October will be the most bullish month of 2025

XRP’s( XRP ) price rose 5% in the past 24 hours, up 11% from its local low of $2.69 to trade just below $3 on Thursday. This move positioned XRP for further gains in October, backed by several onchain, technical and fundamental factors.

Onchain data supports XRP breakout scenario

XRP’s record quarterly close on Tuesday came as the price pushed above a key support zone between $2.75-$2.80, data from Cointelegraph Markets Pro and TradingView shows.

The cost basis distribution heatmap shows significant activity in this area, where nearly 4.3 billion XRP were acquired, underscoring the importance of this level.

Holding above was critical for a sustained recovery toward $3 and beyond.

“$XRP is currently trading within a descending triangle pattern as buyers continue to defend the $2.8 support zone,” said Alpha Crypto Signal analysts, adding:

“This compression is setting up for a decisive move.”

The next significant resistance is expected to be at the 0.618 Fibonacci retracement level, around $3, the triangle’s descending trendline.

A breakout above the descending trendline with substantial volume could trigger a bullish leg for XRP toward $3.40–$3.66.

SEC’s ETF approval to boost XRP price

October’s ETF spotlight could also add tailwinds to XRP, with the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) deadlines looming mid-month.

The agency is expected to decide on six spot XRP ETF applications, including Grayscale's, with a deadline of Oct. 18. The key deadlines for other applications fall between Oct. 19 and Oct. 25.
Bitcoin Price Prediction: Fidelity and Bitwise Boost Optimism as Bitcoin Approaches $120,000 Bitcoin Price Prediction: Momentum Builds Around $120K Bitcoin (BTC) is currently trading just below $119,000, after briefly touching $119,400 earlier today. The cryptocurrency has maintained strong momentum this week, consolidating above the $116,000 support zone. The psychological resistance at $120K is now a key barrier for traders and investors. The latest Bitcoin price prediction suggests that if BTC can decisively close above $120K, it could push the price towards the $122K–$124K range. However, failure to hold $116K may see the price pull back to the $112K–$114K range. Fidelity and Bitwise Purchase $238.7 Million Worth of Bitcoin A major headline boosting market sentiment today is that Fidelity Investments and Bitwise have jointly purchased $238.7 million worth of Bitcoin. Such large-scale institutional buying strengthens confidence in BTC's long-term potential, especially as these companies are key players in the ETF and asset management sectors. This move highlights the ongoing institutional shift towards Bitcoin, reinforcing BTC's status as a digital store of value and making it increasingly attractive to traditional investors. Technical Outlook: What to Watch Next Resistance: $120K remains the immediate resistance. A breakout could open the door to $124K. Support: $116K is the first key support, followed by the broader $112K–$114K range. Momentum: As long as BTC stays above $116K, RSI and moving averages continue to support further upside. Traders should also keep an eye on spot ETF inflows, as renewed institutional demand is often associated with rising momentum. Bitcoin Price Prediction: Short-Term and Long-Term Outlook Short-term: BTC is expected to test $120K multiple times in the coming hours. If it breaks through, bullish momentum could quickly continue. Long-term: Institutional adoption, macroeconomic uncertainty, and the upcoming halving cycle continue to provide strong upside potential.
Bitcoin Price Prediction: Fidelity and Bitwise Boost Optimism as Bitcoin Approaches $120,000

Bitcoin Price Prediction: Momentum Builds Around $120K

Bitcoin (BTC) is currently trading just below $119,000, after briefly touching $119,400 earlier today. The cryptocurrency has maintained strong momentum this week, consolidating above the $116,000 support zone. The psychological resistance at $120K is now a key barrier for traders and investors.

The latest Bitcoin price prediction suggests that if BTC can decisively close above $120K, it could push the price towards the $122K–$124K range. However, failure to hold $116K may see the price pull back to the $112K–$114K range.

Fidelity and Bitwise Purchase $238.7 Million Worth of Bitcoin

A major headline boosting market sentiment today is that Fidelity Investments and Bitwise have jointly purchased $238.7 million worth of Bitcoin. Such large-scale institutional buying strengthens confidence in BTC's long-term potential, especially as these companies are key players in the ETF and asset management sectors.

This move highlights the ongoing institutional shift towards Bitcoin, reinforcing BTC's status as a digital store of value and making it increasingly attractive to traditional investors.

Technical Outlook: What to Watch Next

Resistance: $120K remains the immediate resistance. A breakout could open the door to $124K.

Support: $116K is the first key support, followed by the broader $112K–$114K range.

Momentum: As long as BTC stays above $116K, RSI and moving averages continue to support further upside.

Traders should also keep an eye on spot ETF inflows, as renewed institutional demand is often associated with rising momentum.

Bitcoin Price Prediction: Short-Term and Long-Term Outlook

Short-term: BTC is expected to test $120K multiple times in the coming hours. If it breaks through, bullish momentum could quickly continue.

Long-term: Institutional adoption, macroeconomic uncertainty, and the upcoming halving cycle continue to provide strong upside potential.
Pi Network Matching Forward As Dex, Amm Liquidity Pools And Token Creation Now Live On Testnet Decentralized exchange (DEX) and automated market maker (AMM) functionalities are available on the Testnet, allowing developers and Pioneers to experiment directly with token swaps, liquidity pools, and other decentralized finance tools. Developers can also now create test tokens on the Pi Testnet blockchain, while such functionality is restricted on Mainnet during the testing period. These releases in a testing environment allow developers to extend Pi Network’s capabilities in a utility-focused and Web3 way, and it onramps Pioneers safely and gradually. Read more - https://minepi.com/blog/dex-amm-token-creation/
Pi Network Matching Forward As Dex, Amm Liquidity Pools And Token Creation Now Live On Testnet

Decentralized exchange (DEX) and automated market maker (AMM) functionalities are available on the Testnet, allowing developers and Pioneers to experiment directly with token swaps, liquidity pools, and other decentralized finance tools. Developers can also now create test tokens on the Pi Testnet blockchain, while such functionality is restricted on Mainnet during the testing period. These releases in a testing environment allow developers to extend Pi Network’s capabilities in a utility-focused and Web3 way, and it onramps Pioneers safely and gradually.

Read more - https://minepi.com/blog/dex-amm-token-creation/
Pump.fun Price Rises 46% as PUMP Targets $0.007889 Resistance Level Pump.fun gained 46 percent and now trades near $0.006276 as traders track higher breakout targets ahead. The PUMP/USDT chart highlights $0.007889 as the next resistance level with momentum supporting upward moves. Technical signals confirm demand while volume growth points toward possible continuation of the strong bullish trend. Pump.fun (PUMP/USDT) posted a 46% surge, climbing near $0.006276, as technical indicators point toward an approach of $0.007889 resistance. The sharp rally has drawn attention to whether momentum can continue driving the token toward higher levels in the short term. $PUMP 4H neckbase test pic.twitter.com/bl2VPIDuvY — Cheds Trading (@BigCheds) October 1, 2025 Pump.fun Price Action and Current Support The PUMP/USDT pair recently gained strong traction, pushing past $0.006121 and now consolidating above $0.006276. The surge comes after a period of retracement, where the token found stability around lower levels near $0.005000. Market activity indicates renewed buying interest, as reflected in recent trading volumes that have risen alongside the rally. Chart analysis shows that Pump.fun has regained key moving averages, strengthening its position for potential upside continuation. Indicators reveal strong alignment with bullish momentum, as price candles expand along the upper Bollinger Band. This suggests buyers are firmly in control, at least in the current trading cycle. Volume spikes further support the bullish case, with higher green bars signaling accumulation. Traders now monitor the sustainability of these gains to determine if PUMP can hold above $0.006200 in the coming sessions. Resistance Levels and Breakout Path The chart identifies $0.007889 as the next major resistance level. If PUMP maintains momentum, testing this area could confirm a broader breakout. A successful move past $0.007889 would open the door for further targets, extending the rally beyond the immediate range.
Pump.fun Price Rises 46% as PUMP Targets $0.007889 Resistance Level

Pump.fun gained 46 percent and now trades near $0.006276 as traders track higher breakout targets ahead.

The PUMP/USDT chart highlights $0.007889 as the next resistance level with momentum supporting upward moves.

Technical signals confirm demand while volume growth points toward possible continuation of the strong bullish trend.

Pump.fun (PUMP/USDT) posted a 46% surge, climbing near $0.006276, as technical indicators point toward an approach of $0.007889 resistance. The sharp rally has drawn attention to whether momentum can continue driving the token toward higher levels in the short term.

$PUMP 4H neckbase test pic.twitter.com/bl2VPIDuvY

— Cheds Trading (@BigCheds) October 1, 2025

Pump.fun Price Action and Current Support

The PUMP/USDT pair recently gained strong traction, pushing past $0.006121 and now consolidating above $0.006276. The surge comes after a period of retracement, where the token found stability around lower levels near $0.005000. Market activity indicates renewed buying interest, as reflected in recent trading volumes that have risen alongside the rally.

Chart analysis shows that Pump.fun has regained key moving averages, strengthening its position for potential upside continuation. Indicators reveal strong alignment with bullish momentum, as price candles expand along the upper Bollinger Band. This suggests buyers are firmly in control, at least in the current trading cycle.

Volume spikes further support the bullish case, with higher green bars signaling accumulation. Traders now monitor the sustainability of these gains to determine if PUMP can hold above $0.006200 in the coming sessions.

Resistance Levels and Breakout Path

The chart identifies $0.007889 as the next major resistance level. If PUMP maintains momentum, testing this area could confirm a broader breakout. A successful move past $0.007889 would open the door for further targets, extending the rally beyond the immediate range.
Bitget Chief Suggests Broad Altcoin Season Is Unlikely as Bitcoin May Be Decoupling Altcoin season is unlikely in the near term, according to Bitget operating chief Vugar Usi Zade: market momentum is concentrated in Bitcoin as it decouples from altcoins, and projects lack the technological catalysts needed to ignite a broad-based altcoin rally. Broad altcoin season unlikely: Bitcoin-led rallies are not spilling over to most altcoins. Market cycles are shorter and narrative-driven; only sector-specific tokens may outperform. Bitcoin holds ~58% market share while Ether is around 12% (data from CoinMarketCap) — dominance remains concentrated.
Bitget Chief Suggests Broad Altcoin Season Is Unlikely as Bitcoin May Be Decoupling

Altcoin season is unlikely in the near term, according to Bitget operating chief Vugar Usi Zade: market momentum is concentrated in Bitcoin as it decouples from altcoins, and projects lack the technological catalysts needed to ignite a broad-based altcoin rally.

Broad altcoin season unlikely: Bitcoin-led rallies are not spilling over to most altcoins.

Market cycles are shorter and narrative-driven; only sector-specific tokens may outperform.

Bitcoin holds ~58% market share while Ether is around 12% (data from CoinMarketCap) — dominance remains concentrated.
JUST IN: 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan shuts down RAKS crypto exchange, freezing $224M in criminal funds and disrupting 5M darknet users in a major anti-money laundering operation.
JUST IN: 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan shuts down RAKS crypto exchange, freezing $224M in criminal funds and disrupting 5M darknet users in a major anti-money laundering operation.
JUST IN: 🇺🇸 Apple CEO Tim Cook confirms holding Bitcoin and Ethereum.
JUST IN: 🇺🇸 Apple CEO Tim Cook confirms holding Bitcoin and Ethereum.
JUST IN 🚨 Metaplanet has purchased 5,268 BTC for $615.67M, raising its total holdings to 30,823 BTC (~$3.6B). This cements Metaplanet as one of the largest corporate Bitcoin holders worldwide, signaling continued institutional conviction in BTC.
JUST IN 🚨
Metaplanet has purchased 5,268 BTC for $615.67M, raising its total holdings to 30,823 BTC (~$3.6B).

This cements Metaplanet as one of the largest corporate Bitcoin holders worldwide, signaling continued institutional conviction in BTC.
🇺🇸 LATEST: Forbes claims Barron Trump is worth $150,000,000 and has made an "estimated $80 million from token sales" with an additional $2.3 billion in locked up tokens.
🇺🇸 LATEST: Forbes claims Barron Trump is worth $150,000,000 and has made an "estimated $80 million from token sales" with an additional $2.3 billion in locked up tokens.
🔥 Visa x Circle Partnership Visa has partnered with Circle to integrate USDC and EURC stablecoins into its network. The goal: to simplify and accelerate cross-border payments, making transactions faster and more efficient for global users.
🔥 Visa x Circle Partnership

Visa has partnered with Circle to integrate USDC and EURC stablecoins into its network.
The goal: to simplify and accelerate cross-border payments, making transactions faster and more efficient for global users.
🇹🇷 Turkey is preparing a new law that will expand the powers of its financial watchdog, MASAK. Under this legislation, MASAK will be able to freeze both crypto accounts and traditional bank accounts as part of its effort to combat money laundering. This move signals Turkey’s growing focus on tighter financial oversight and stricter control over digital assets.
🇹🇷 Turkey is preparing a new law that will expand the powers of its financial watchdog, MASAK.

Under this legislation, MASAK will be able to freeze both crypto accounts and traditional bank accounts as part of its effort to combat money laundering.

This move signals Turkey’s growing focus on tighter financial oversight and stricter control over digital assets.
Republic is moving to tokenize equity in Animoca Brands on $SOL This means investors will be able to buy tokens that represent actual ownership stakes in Animoca, the Web3 giant behind The Sandbox and dozens of metaverse projects. The move could open access to global investors who normally can't get Animoca shares, while also positioning Solana as a key player in real-world asset tokenization. #Solana #Wisconsin
Republic is moving to tokenize equity in Animoca Brands on $SOL

This means investors will be able to buy tokens that represent actual ownership stakes in Animoca, the Web3 giant behind The Sandbox and dozens of metaverse projects. The move could open access to global investors who normally can't get Animoca shares, while also positioning Solana as a key player in real-world asset tokenization.

#Solana #Wisconsin
Digital asset investment products saw $812M in outflows last week as hopes for two U.S. rate cuts eased after stronger GDP and durable goods data. Still, inflows remain strong with $4B MTD and $39.6B YTD, on track to rival last year's $48.6B record. Bitcoin led with $719M in outflows, but short $BTC demand stayed flat signaling weak, likely temporary, bearish sentiment.
Digital asset investment products saw $812M in outflows last week as hopes for two U.S. rate cuts eased after stronger GDP and durable goods data. Still, inflows remain strong with $4B MTD and $39.6B YTD, on track to rival last year's $48.6B record. Bitcoin led with $719M in outflows, but short $BTC demand stayed flat signaling weak, likely temporary, bearish sentiment.
CZ clarifies rumors about involvement with Aster project Binance founder Changpeng Zhao (CZ) has officially clarified his relationship with Aster, following community rumors that he was directly involved in the project’s development. Binance founder Changpeng Zhao (CZ) has recently addressed speculation surrounding his connection to the decentralized perpetual exchange Aster, following growing rumors within the community. Earlier, an X user claimed that CZ had “confirmed being part of the Aster team” during a Spaces session, even suggesting that ASTER could reach $40. The post quickly spread, sparking debates about CZ’s level of involvement in the project. In a direct response, CZ stated: “Not on the team, just an advisor.” He added that while several former Binance employees are now part of Aster, his venture firm YZi Labs only holds a minority stake in the platform.
CZ clarifies rumors about involvement with Aster project

Binance founder Changpeng Zhao (CZ) has officially clarified his relationship with Aster, following community rumors that he was directly involved in the project’s development.

Binance founder Changpeng Zhao (CZ) has recently addressed speculation surrounding his connection to the decentralized perpetual exchange Aster, following growing rumors within the community.

Earlier, an X user claimed that CZ had “confirmed being part of the Aster team” during a Spaces session, even suggesting that ASTER could reach $40. The post quickly spread, sparking debates about CZ’s level of involvement in the project.

In a direct response, CZ stated: “Not on the team, just an advisor.” He added that while several former Binance employees are now part of Aster, his venture firm YZi Labs only holds a minority stake in the platform.
🚀 Top crypto sectors outperforming $BTC on a risk-adjusted basis (90d R/V ratio): 1️⃣ $BNB 1.36 2️⃣ $PROM 1.22 3️⃣ $AVAX 1.19 4️⃣ $CRO 1.18 5️⃣ $BDX 1.11 All delivering higher volatility-adjusted returns than #Bitcoin. #Grayscale
🚀 Top crypto sectors outperforming $BTC on a risk-adjusted basis (90d R/V ratio):

1️⃣ $BNB 1.36
2️⃣ $PROM 1.22
3️⃣ $AVAX 1.19
4️⃣ $CRO 1.18
5️⃣ $BDX 1.11

All delivering higher volatility-adjusted returns than #Bitcoin. #Grayscale
🚨 Michael Saylor isn’t slowing down… he’s stacking MORE Bitcoin Every time the market dips, he treats it as an opportunity to load up. While others hesitate, Saylor keeps adding to his reserves, reinforcing his long-term conviction that Bitcoin is the ultimate treasury asset. This consistent accumulation isn’t just about one man or one company. It’s a signal: institutions are still quietly buying, even when retail doubts. History has shown, when Saylor buys, it usually marks a key moment for the cycle.
🚨 Michael Saylor isn’t slowing down… he’s stacking MORE Bitcoin

Every time the market dips, he treats it as an opportunity to load up. While others hesitate, Saylor keeps adding to his reserves, reinforcing his long-term conviction that Bitcoin is the ultimate treasury asset.

This consistent accumulation isn’t just about one man or one company. It’s a signal: institutions are still quietly buying, even when retail doubts.

History has shown, when Saylor buys, it usually marks a key moment for the cycle.
Hyperliquid unveils 4,600 Hypurr NFTs, floor price surges past $60,000 Hyperliquid launched its Hypurr non-fungible token collection today on the HyperEVM mainnet, generating a notable floor price of $68,900 and millions in early trading volume. The collection, comprising 4,600 NFTs, commemorates the supporters of the decentralized perpetuals trading platform and its deployment of HyperEVM, the general programmability interface to Hyperliquid's Layer 1 chain.  "The goal of the Hypurr NFT collection was to share a memento with those who believed in and contributed early on to Hyperliquid’s growth," the Hyper Foundation wrote in a post on social media platform X. "Each NFT is unique and captures the different moods, hobbies, tastes, and quirks of the Hyperliquid community, as depicted by Hypurr." Participants were given the chance to opt in to receive the NFT during last November's genesis event, where Hyperliquid launched its native HYPE token. 4,313 Hypurr NFTs were allocated to the event participants, 144 to the Hyper Foundation, and 143 to developers and artists. Hypurr launched at around 12:00 a.m. on Sunday, and its trading activity surged shortly after. OpenSea shows that since its launch, the collection has seen a trade volume of about 952,000 HYPE, equivalent to roughly $45 million. The NFT platform currently shows that the Hypurr collection has a floor price of 1,463 HYPE ($68,930). Notably, Hypurr #21 sold for 9,999 HYPE, which is nearly $470,000.
Hyperliquid unveils 4,600 Hypurr NFTs, floor price surges past $60,000

Hyperliquid launched its Hypurr non-fungible token collection today on the HyperEVM mainnet, generating a notable floor price of $68,900 and millions in early trading volume.

The collection, comprising 4,600 NFTs, commemorates the supporters of the decentralized perpetuals trading platform and its deployment of HyperEVM, the general programmability interface to Hyperliquid's Layer 1 chain. 

"The goal of the Hypurr NFT collection was to share a memento with those who believed in and contributed early on to Hyperliquid’s growth," the Hyper Foundation wrote in a post on social media platform X. "Each NFT is unique and captures the different moods, hobbies, tastes, and quirks of the Hyperliquid community, as depicted by Hypurr."

Participants were given the chance to opt in to receive the NFT during last November's genesis event, where Hyperliquid launched its native HYPE token. 4,313 Hypurr NFTs were allocated to the event participants, 144 to the Hyper Foundation, and 143 to developers and artists.

Hypurr launched at around 12:00 a.m. on Sunday, and its trading activity surged shortly after. OpenSea shows that since its launch, the collection has seen a trade volume of about 952,000 HYPE, equivalent to roughly $45 million.

The NFT platform currently shows that the Hypurr collection has a floor price of 1,463 HYPE ($68,930). Notably, Hypurr #21 sold for 9,999 HYPE, which is nearly $470,000.
Can XRP Overcome Bearish October History With Key Catalysts Ahead? XRP gained 3.66% in September after August’s decline, but October seasonality remains bearish with an average -4.58% return. Key catalysts include SEC decisions on multiple spot XRP ETF filings, which could unlock institutional inflows. Overall, adoption is rising with Securitize integration, RLUSD stablecoin swaps, and new DeFi products like fXRP and mXRP.
Can XRP Overcome Bearish October History With Key Catalysts Ahead?

XRP gained 3.66% in September after August’s decline, but October seasonality remains bearish with an average -4.58% return.

Key catalysts include SEC decisions on multiple spot XRP ETF filings, which could unlock institutional inflows.

Overall, adoption is rising with Securitize integration, RLUSD stablecoin swaps, and new DeFi products like fXRP and mXRP.
JUST IN: 🇺🇸 Tom Lee predicts Wall Street and the Trump administration will adopt Ethereum, with $BTC at $200K–$250K and $ETH at $10K–$12K by year-end.
JUST IN: 🇺🇸 Tom Lee predicts Wall Street and the Trump administration will adopt Ethereum, with $BTC at $200K–$250K and $ETH at $10K–$12K by year-end.
Login to explore more contents
Explore the latest crypto news
⚡️ Be a part of the latests discussions in crypto
💬 Interact with your favorite creators
👍 Enjoy content that interests you
Email / Phone number

Latest News

--
View More

Trending Articles

BeMaster BuySmart
View More
Sitemap
Cookie Preferences
Platform T&Cs