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Ethereum Foundation Outlines New Vision for Decentralized Future

According to PANews, the Ethereum Foundation has released a new vision statement, reaffirming its commitment to maintaining Ethereum as an open, decentralized, and censorship-resistant global computing platform. The foundation plans to focus on infrastructure support, protocol upgrade coordination, privacy technology research, and community empowerment. Additionally, it aims to gradually decentralize responsibilities to foster self-development and diverse governance within the ecosystem.
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Ethereum Improvement Proposal Aims to Boost Transaction Capacity

According to Cointelegraph, Ethereum Foundation researcher Dankrad Feist has introduced a new Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP-9698) that could significantly increase the Ethereum mainnet's gas limit, potentially enhancing its transaction capacity. The proposal, unveiled on April 27, suggests a "deterministic gas limit growth schedule" starting at epoch 369017, approximately around June 1, 2025. This schedule would gradually increase the gas limit by a factor of 10 over two years, culminating in a final tenfold increase. Feist, known for the blockchain's "danksharding" data storage solution, emphasized that Ethereum clients would need to vote on the proposal for it to be implemented. He stated that the EIP aims to introduce a predictable exponential growth pattern as a client default, promoting a sustainable and transparent gas limit trajectory aligned with advancements in hardware and protocol efficiency. Currently, Ethereum can reach up to 20 transactions per second (TPS) in blocks dominated by simple transactions. The proposed 100x gas limit increase could theoretically boost Ethereum's TPS to 2,000, positioning it to compete with platforms like Solana, which processes between 800 to 1,050 TPS and has a theoretical TPS of 65,000. The proposal would expand the current gas limit from 36 million to 3.6 billion, potentially accommodating around 6,000 transactions in Ethereum blocks. This initiative follows a recent decision by Ethereum validators to raise the gas limit from 30 million to 36 million in February. The last adjustment to Ethereum's gas limit occurred in August 2021 during the London hard fork, which doubled the limit from 15 million to 30 million. Feist acknowledged that a rapid increase in the gas limit might stress less-optimized nodes and extend block propagation times. However, he noted that the exponential schedule with gradual increments per epoch provides node operators and developers ample time to adapt and optimize. EIP-9698 represents the Ethereum community's latest effort to enhance scalability at the base layer, following a focus on scaling through layer 2 solutions in recent years. Critics of Ethereum's layer-2 strategy argue that it has fragmented the ecosystem into several siloed chains with limited interoperability, resulting in a suboptimal user experience. Additionally, Ethereum developers are exploring a fourfold increase in the gas limit in the Fusaka hard fork under EIP-9678, which is anticipated to go online in late 2025. Meanwhile, the next major Ethereum upgrade, Pectra, is scheduled for deployment on the mainnet in May 2025.
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Ethereum Faces Challenges Amid Proposed Fee Structure Changes

According to Cointelegraph, two prominent members of the Ethereum community, Kevin Owocki and Devansh Mehta, have put forward a proposal for a dynamic fee structure aimed at balancing revenue generation for application builders with fairness in fee extraction. The proposal, introduced on April 27, suggests a simple equation utilizing a square root function to proportionally reduce the percentage of fees as the funding capital allocated to a project increases. This approach is designed to provide higher returns for smaller funding amounts, making it worthwhile to build mechanisms for smaller pools. For instance, if a funding pool amounts to $170,000, the square root function would result in a 7% fee, equating to $13,038.4 as overhead. The proposal also includes a cap on fees at 1% once a project's funding pool surpasses $10 million, ensuring that smaller app builders can develop decentralized applications without excessive fees while promoting growth by capping fees as developers scale their applications. Owocki and Mehta's proposal highlights the ongoing discussions within the Ethereum community about reforming fee structures and value accrual mechanisms to maintain the network's economic viability in the face of increasing competition. In 2024, the Solana ecosystem attracted more developers than Ethereum, with 7,625 new developers compared to Ethereum's 6,456. Despite this, Ethereum remains the leading ecosystem for developer talent, although its dominance is now being challenged. Solana has emerged as the second choice for decentralized application developers, closing the gap with Ethereum. Meanwhile, onchain analytics firm Santiment reported that Ethereum fees reached a five-year low in April 2025 due to decreased activity on the Ethereum base layer, attributed to reduced demand for smart contract operations such as decentralized finance. This decline in demand has led many institutions to scale back their Ether (ETH) holdings or sell portions of their investments, as investor sentiment toward the pioneering smart-contract platform continues to weaken without any clear catalysts for a turnaround.
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Ethereum Developers Propose Significant Gas Limit Increase for Fusaka Hard Fork

According to Cointelegraph, Ethereum core developers are contemplating a substantial increase in the layer 1 gas limit as a key feature for the upcoming Fusaka hard fork, following the Pectra upgrade. The proposal, outlined in Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP) 9678, suggests raising the gas limit to 150 million. This proposal was introduced on April 23 by Sophia Gold, a developer with the Ethereum Foundation's protocol support team. During the recent All Core Devs Execution (ACDE) meeting, discussions centered on making the gas limit increase a priority for Fusaka, as highlighted by Ethereum core developer Tim Beiko in an April 24 meeting summary. Beiko noted that an EIP has been drafted to align client defaults and maintain this as a priority. Although unconventional, this approach is not without precedent, as seen with EIP-7840. The plan is to merge the EIP early next week and formally include it in the next ACDE. The developers anticipate identifying necessary in-protocol changes to support a higher gas limit, which may lead to additional EIPs being incorporated into Fusaka, despite the fork's scope being finalized. The Pectra upgrade is set to launch on the mainnet in May, with Fusaka potentially going live in late 2025. The motivation behind increasing the gas limit stems from a strong interest in scaling layer 1 execution, which could be achieved by implementing new features. However, this requires guidance from execution layer developers, as higher gas limits may reveal bugs in clients that need addressing. This necessitates time for client developers to test and resolve any issues, making it sensible to include this as an EIP in a hard fork. While the gas limit is ultimately determined by validators, the developers agreed that having an EIP to coordinate client defaults would help prioritize this initiative and ensure all clients update their defaults by the time Fusaka is operational. The average Ethereum gas limit was approximately 30 million following an increase in August 2021, according to Ycharts data. Validators supported raising the network's gas limit on February 4, increasing the maximum gas used for transactions in a single Ethereum block to just under 36 million, as per Ycharts data.
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Ethereum's Layer-2 Scaling Strategy Sparks Debate Amid Fee Reductions

According to Cointelegraph, Ethereum's approach to scaling through multiple layer-2 networks, each with distinct transaction processing speeds and parameters, offers the network a potentially limitless array of high-throughput chains. Anurag Arjun, co-founder of Avail, a unified chain abstraction solution, highlighted this aspect in a recent interview. Arjun noted that Ethereum's strategy differs fundamentally from high-throughput competitors with monolithic architectures. The rollup-centric roadmap allows various teams to experiment with diverse execution environments and block times, fostering a range of high-throughput sidechains rather than a singular architecture on any monolithic layer-1. However, Arjun cautioned that without true interoperability, transitioning between L2s remains as complex as bridging assets across different blockchain ecosystems. Arjun's viewpoint contrasts with critics of Ethereum's L2-focused approach, who argue that these scaling solutions isolate liquidity and ultimately undermine the base layer. Critics claim that L2s contribute significantly to Ether's (ETH) poor price performance over the past year. Meanwhile, Ethereum's layer-1 network fees reached five-year lows in April 2025, with average transaction fees around $0.16. Brian Quinlivan, marketing director at Santiment, an onchain analytics firm, suggested that the fee reduction indicates decreased demand for the base layer and diminishing investor interest in Ethereum. Quinlivan noted in an April 16 blog post that the drop in fees coincides with fewer ETH transactions and interactions with smart contracts, including those in decentralized finance, digital collectibles like non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and other digital asset sectors. The decline in Ethereum's base layer transaction fees and waning retail interest has led many institutional investors to reduce their Ether allocations and revise their price outlooks for the digital asset, which ranks as the second-largest by market capitalization. This situation has sparked discussions about the future of Ethereum's scaling strategy and its impact on the network's overall performance and investor sentiment.
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