I found this chart in a very interesting publication, so I decided to simplify things for beginner investors. After all, knowing which cryptocurrencies belong to each category is not obvious. So let's start with the LAYER 2 coins:
Polygon ($POL )
Consolidated platform that uses proof‑of‑stake and zkEVM. Widely adopted in dApps, DeFi, and NFTs. In 2025, it remains a solid choice for investors with a strong ecosystem and a recent scheduled upgrade (Polygon 2.0).
Arbitrum ($ARB )
Uses optimistic rollups to offer fast and cheap transactions. It is the most used L2 network for dApps.
Optimism ($OP )
Also based on optimistic rollups. Supports many important protocols and has high institutional adoption.
Mantle (MNT)
Focused on Web3, metaverse, and gaming, with modular architecture, high interoperability, and high speed (e.g., 4,000 TPS).
Immutable X (IMX)
L2 focused on NFTs and gaming, with gas-free transactions and high performance (thousands of TPS).
Loopring (LRC)
Specialized in DEX, uses zk‑rollups to make transactions economical. Has burn mechanisms to enhance token value.
StarkNet (STRK)
Uses zk‑rollups with high security and scalability. Recommended for privacy and efficiency.
zkSync (ZKS)
Focus on Ethereum compatibility (EVM), with major dApps like Uniswap and Aave testing the network. Includes planned airdrops.
Scroll (SCROLL)
EVM-compatible copy that facilitates developers' work to port Ethereum apps, with bonuses for testnet early users.
Polygon Hermez (HEZ)
An eco-friendly rollup, with low energy consumption and integration with new Polygon products.
Stacks (STX)
L2 on Bitcoin, bringing smart contracts and DeFi to the BTC ecosystem. Growth of NFTs and DeFi applications on Bitcoin via Stacks.
Investment considerations:
For a safer and more sustainable portfolio, Polygon, Arbitrum, and Optimism are solid choices.
