$ETH Potential Ethereum Upgrades in 2025**

1. **Continued "Surge" Improvements (Scalability)**

- Ethereum is focusing on **rollup-centric scaling** (Optimistic & ZK-Rollups).

- Further optimizations to **EIP-4844 (Proto-Danksharding)** and possibly full **Danksharding** implementation, enabling **100,000+ TPS** through sharded data availability.

2. **The "Scourge" – MEV & Fairness**

- Solutions to mitigate **Maximal Extractable Value (MEV)** and improve transaction fairness.

- Proposals like **MEV smoothing, PBS (Proposer-Builder Separation)** enhancements.

3. **The "Verge" – Stateless Clients & Verkle Trees**

- Transition to **Verkle Trees** for efficient stateless clients, reducing node storage requirements.

- Faster sync times and better decentralization.