Bitcoin was proposed in 2008 by the mysterious figure Satoshi Nakamoto and officially launched in 2009, marking the birth of the first decentralized digital currency. It operates on a peer-to-peer blockchain network, with all transactions publicly recorded on a shared ledger across the network, without the need for a central bank or third-party guarantee. In the Bitcoin network, miners compete to package new blocks through a proof-of-work (PoW) algorithm. Whenever a miner successfully mines a block, they receive a system reward (initially 50 BTC), thus creating new bitcoins. This mining process requires extremely high computational power, ensuring the security and decentralization of the network. It is worth noting that the total supply of Bitcoin is strictly limited to about 21 million coins. This design endows Bitcoin with a natural scarcity, making it akin to 'digital gold.' As shown in the figure above, Bitcoin's price has experienced explosive growth, rising from nearly zero to significant heights over the years; for example, in 2017, Bitcoin's price once approached $20,000. This surge reflects its fixed supply and skyrocketing demand characteristics.