Dusk Blockchain dan Evolusi Tenang Keuangan yang Diatur
Keuangan tidak pernah hanya tentang uang. Ini selalu tentang kepercayaan, privasi, tanggung jawab, dan kontrol. Setiap sistem keuangan dalam sejarah telah mencoba menyeimbangkan kekuatan ini, dan sebagian besar telah gagal di satu sisi atau yang lain. Beberapa sistem melindungi privasi tetapi mengorbankan transparansi. Yang lain menegakkan transparansi tetapi menghancurkan kerahasiaan pribadi dan institusional. Di era digital, masalah ini semakin terdengar. Blockchain publik menjanjikan keterbukaan dan efisiensi, tetapi mereka mengekspos segalanya. Keuangan tradisional melindungi informasi sensitif, tetapi dengan biaya kecepatan, aksesibilitas, dan inovasi. Akibatnya, dunia berakhir dengan dua sistem yang tidak bisa benar-benar bekerja sama.
Founded in 2018, Dusk is a next-generation Layer 1 blockchain engineered for regulated, privacy-first financial infrastructure. With a powerful modular architecture, Dusk enables institutional-grade financial applications, compliant DeFi, and tokenized real-world assets—all while balancing privacy, transparency, and auditability by design.
Dusk isn’t just another blockchain. It’s where regulation meets innovation, and privacy meets trust. 🌐🔐 #dusk $DUSK
Dusk and the Quiet Reinvention of Financial Infrastructure
Finance shapes almost every part of modern life, yet very few people truly trust the systems behind it. Transactions feel slow. Fees feel unfair. Data feels exposed. Institutions feel trapped between outdated infrastructure and strict regulation, while public blockchains promise freedom but introduce new risks. This is the space where Dusk was born. Founded in 2018, Dusk is a Layer 1 blockchain designed specifically for regulated and privacy focused financial infrastructure. It does not attempt to disrupt finance by force. Instead, it improves it by design. Dusk focuses on one simple idea that many systems ignore: financial technology must be private, compliant, and practical at the same time. This philosophy defines everything Dusk builds. The Problem No One Could Ignore Anymore Traditional financial systems are built on trust, but that trust is expensive. Intermediaries, clearing houses, auditors, and settlement layers all exist to ensure safety. The result is slow execution, high costs, and complex processes that limit access and innovation. Public blockchains tried to fix this by removing intermediaries. They succeeded in speed and openness, but they failed where finance needs discretion. On most blockchains, every transaction is visible. Balances are public. Strategies are exposed. This transparency is unacceptable for institutions and uncomfortable for users. Dusk exists because neither system works on its own. What Makes Dusk Different Dusk is not a general purpose blockchain that later tries to add compliance. It is a financial infrastructure platform built from the ground up for regulated markets. Its core focus includes: Privacy by default Auditability when required Compliance as a feature Institutional grade security Real world financial use cases This combination is rare. Most platforms choose one side. Dusk chose balance. Understanding Dusk Without Technical Noise At its heart, Dusk is a settlement and execution layer for financial activity. It allows assets, transactions, and financial logic to live on chain while keeping sensitive information protected. Transactions can be validated without revealing private data. Rules can be enforced automatically without exposing participants. This creates an environment where trust is mathematical, not emotional. Modular Architecture That Supports Growth Dusk uses a modular architecture, which means different parts of the system are built to handle different responsibilities. One layer focuses on settlement and consensus. This ensures transactions are final and irreversible once confirmed. Financial markets need certainty, and Dusk provides it. Another layer focuses on execution. Developers can build smart contracts using familiar tools while integrating privacy features directly into their applications. This modular structure allows Dusk to evolve without sacrificing stability. Privacy That Fits Real Finance Privacy is often misunderstood. In finance, privacy is not secrecy for wrongdoing. It is protection of sensitive information. Dusk uses cryptographic techniques that allow transactions to remain confidential while still being verifiable. The network can confirm that rules were followed without seeing the underlying data. More importantly, Dusk supports selective disclosure. This means data remains private unless an authorized party needs to verify it. Regulators, auditors, and compliance officers can access information when required. This approach satisfies legal frameworks without exposing users. Compliance Is Not an Afterthought Most blockchain projects treat regulation as an obstacle. Dusk treats it as a design constraint. Financial regulations exist to protect markets and participants. Ignoring them limits adoption. Dusk embraces this reality. Compliance rules can be embedded directly into smart contracts. Identity requirements can be enforced without revealing personal details. Jurisdictional limits can be applied automatically. This transforms compliance from a manual process into programmable logic. Real World Assets on Chain One of the most impactful uses of Dusk is real world asset tokenization. Assets such as stocks, bonds, funds, and structured products can be represented digitally and managed on chain. This brings faster settlement, reduced costs, and improved accessibility. On Dusk, these assets remain compliant with existing regulations. Transfers can be private. Ownership can be verified. Audits can be performed when necessary. This is not theoretical. It is a practical upgrade to how markets function. Regulated DeFi Becomes Possible Decentralized finance has shown innovation, but it often exists outside regulatory boundaries. This limits institutional participation. Dusk introduces a new model where decentralized applications can operate within legal frameworks. Lending platforms can verify participants. Trading protocols can restrict access by jurisdiction. Financial products can operate transparently without exposing sensitive data. This regulated DeFi model allows institutions to participate without compromising their obligations. Identity Without Exposure Identity is essential in regulated finance, but traditional systems collect too much data. Dusk enables identity verification without full disclosure. Users can prove eligibility, compliance, or credentials without revealing unnecessary personal information. This reduces risk, protects privacy, and aligns with data protection laws. The Benefits That Matter Most Dusk offers tangible advantages across the financial ecosystem. Institutions gain: Faster settlement Reduced operational costs Stronger data protection Built in compliance Developers gain: Familiar development environments Privacy focused tools Long term relevance Institutional adoption potential Users gain: Better privacy Increased trust Access to regulated financial products Lower friction These benefits create a sustainable ecosystem rather than a speculative one. Addressing Common Misconceptions Some believe privacy blockchains enable illegal activity. In reality, most financial crime happens in opaque traditional systems. Dusk improves oversight while protecting honest participants. Some believe regulation limits innovation. History shows that clear rules enable growth by reducing uncertainty. Some believe institutions will never adopt blockchain. The shift is already happening, and platforms like Dusk make it viable. Psychological Trust and Financial Systems Trust is emotional before it is technical. When people fear exposure, they avoid participation. When institutions fear non compliance, they avoid innovation. Dusk reduces these fears. It offers confidence through design. Privacy reassures users. Compliance reassures institutions. This emotional stability encourages progress. Looking Ahead Dusk is not chasing short term attention. It is building infrastructure meant to last decades. As regulation becomes clearer and financial systems modernize, platforms that already align with these realities will lead. Dusk does not need to reinvent itself for the future. It was built for it. Final Thoughts Dusk represents a mature approach to blockchain. It does not promise chaos or revolution. It offers structure, privacy, and trust. It bridges the gap between decentralized technology and real world finance. This is how meaningful progress happens. A Message Worth Carrying Forward Strong systems are not loud. They are reliable. Dusk focuses on building trust rather than chasing trends. That choice defines its value. Call to Action Learn how regulated blockchain infrastructure works. Support platforms that respect privacy and law. Build systems designed for the real world. The future of finance belongs to those who build with responsibility. Dusk is already doing that work.
@Dusk is mendefinisikan keuangan. Sebuah blockchain Layer 1 yang dibangun untuk pasar yang diatur, menggabungkan privasi, auditabilitas, dan DeFi kelas institusi sejak 2018.#dusk $DUSK
Dusk: Membangun Sistem Keuangan yang Menghormati Privasi, Kepercayaan, dan Realitas
Selama bertahun-tahun, industri blockchain telah menjanjikan masa depan keuangan yang lebih baik. Transaksi yang lebih cepat. Lebih sedikit perantara. Akses global. Transparansi penuh. Dan sementara beberapa dari janji-janji itu menjadi kenyataan, kebenaran tidak nyaman lainnya muncul di sepanjang jalan. Apa yang bekerja dengan baik di internet tidak selalu bekerja dengan baik dalam keuangan nyata. Bank tidak dapat mengekspos setiap transaksi secara publik. Perusahaan tidak dapat mengungkapkan data keuangan sensitif kepada pesaing. Pemerintah tidak dapat menyetujui sistem yang sepenuhnya mengabaikan regulasi. Dan orang-orang, pada akhirnya, ingin mengendalikan kehidupan keuangan mereka tanpa mengorbankan keselamatan.
@Dusk Jaringan sedang mendefinisikan masa depan keuangan on-chain. Didirikan pada tahun 2018, Dusk adalah blockchain Layer-1 yang dibangun khusus untuk infrastruktur keuangan yang diatur dan fokus pada privasi. Arsitektur modularnya mendukung aplikasi keuangan kelas institusi, DeFi yang mematuhi aturan, dan aset dunia nyata yang ter-tokenisasi—semua ini dilakukan sambil menjaga privasi tanpa mengorbankan auditabilitas. 🔐 Privasi dengan desain 🏛️ Dibangun untuk institusi & regulasi 💎 Dibuat untuk RWAs dan DeFi yang mematuhi aturan ⚙️ Modular, dapat diskalakan, siap untuk masa depan Dusk bukan sekadar blockchain lain—ini adalah tempat di mana keuangan bertemu privasi, kepatuhan, dan adopsi dunia nyata. #dusk $DUSK
Blockchain Plasma: Masa Depan Uang, Pembayaran, dan Kebebasan Finansial
Bayangkan dunia di mana mengirim uang semudah mengirim pesan teks. Di mana Anda dapat membayar seorang teman, mengirim uang kiriman, atau menyelesaikan transaksi bisnis dalam waktu kurang dari satu detik tanpa khawatir tentang biaya tinggi, konfirmasi lambat, atau dompet yang rumit. Ini bukan lagi mimpi — ini adalah janji dari Plasma, blockchain Layer 1 yang revolusioner dirancang khusus untuk stablecoin. Tidak seperti blockchain umum, Plasma tidak berusaha melakukan segalanya. Ini fokus pada apa yang paling penting: membuat stablecoin praktis, cepat, dan aman untuk penggunaan dunia nyata. Apakah Anda seorang pengembang, investor, atau pengguna penasaran yang menjelajahi dunia kripto, Plasma mewakili pergeseran dalam cara uang digital dapat berfungsi — efisien, terpercaya, dan ramah pengguna.
🚀 @Plasma Blockchain ada di sini! Sebuah Layer 1 yang dibangun untuk penyelesaian stablecoin dengan ⚡ finalitas sub-detik, transfer USDT tanpa biaya, dan kompatibilitas EVM penuh. Aman, netral, dan siap untuk adopsi ritel & institusi. 💹#plasma $XPL
Dusk Network: Membangun Sistem Keuangan yang Menghormati Privasi, Kepercayaan, dan Realitas
Pengantar: Mengapa Keuangan Terasa Rusak Hari Ini Uang menyentuh hampir setiap bagian dari hidup kita. Kita bekerja untuk itu, menyimpannya, menginvestasikannya, khawatir tentangnya, dan merencanakan masa depan kita di sekitarnya. Namun sistem yang mengelola uang sering kali terasa jauh, membingungkan, dan mengganggu. Keuangan tradisional menuntut kepercayaan tetapi menawarkan sedikit transparansi. Sistem digital modern menjanjikan efisiensi tetapi diam-diam mengambil privasi. Blockchain datang dengan janji besar. Transparansi. Kebebasan. Kontrol. Tapi sesuatu yang penting hilang di sepanjang jalan.
@Dusk Dusk isn’t just another Layer-1. Founded in 2018, it’s built for regulated finance, where privacy meets compliance. From institutional-grade DeFi to tokenized real-world assets, Dusk’s modular architecture delivers privacy, auditability, and trust — all by design. This is where finance evolves, not escapes regulation. 🚀 #dusk $DUSK
🚀 $PUMP – PERINGATAN MOMEN BULLISH 🚀 Struktur yang kuat & tekanan pembelian yang stabil! $PUMP mendapat kembali level kunci, tren tetap naik dengan puncak yang lebih tinggi & rendah yang lebih tinggi. Level Kunci: $0.0032 kemungkinan breakout 🔥 Sempurna untuk entri panjang yang tepat waktu—ikuti stop & kunci keuntungan saat harga naik.
🚀 $DATA / USDT – BREAKOUT BULLISH 🚀 Impuls kuat 1 jam! $DATA telah menembus konsolidasi dan mengubah resistensi menjadi dukungan. Pembeli mengendalikan. Masuk: 0.00415 – 0.00430 Target: 0.00455 | 0.00485 | 0.00530–0.00560 Stop Loss: <0.00390 Harga Saat Ini: 0.00432 (+12.2%) Di atas 0.00450 bisa memicu ekspansi berikutnya—ambil sebagian keuntungan di TP1 dan ikuti stop untuk mengunci keuntungan. 📈
🚀 $AXL – PERINGATAN BREAKOUT KUAT 🚀 Harga sedang melonjak dari dasar dengan momentum tinggi—setup panjang yang sempurna! Masuk: 0.098 – 0.102 Target: 0.108 | 0.118 | 0.132 Stop Loss: 0.092 ⚠️ Momentum semakin mempercepat—naiki gelombang dengan cerdas dan waspadai kelanjutan! 📈
🔥 $SCRT / USDT – LANJUTAN BULLISH 🔥 Pemulihan kuat pada 1H! $SCRT mendapatkan kembali dukungan 0.150–0.152 dan pembeli kembali mengendalikan. Masuk: 0.1520 – 0.1560 Target: 0.1600 | 0.1655 | 0.1720–0.1760 Stop Loss: <0.1470 Harga Saat Ini: 0.1591 (+7.4%) Harga di atas 0.1600 dapat memicu ekspansi berikutnya. Ambil keuntungan sebagian di TP1 dan gunakan trailing stop untuk mengunci keuntungan. 📈 Momentum mendukung bulls—naiki dengan cerdas!
🚀 $AXL PERINGATAN – PERLAKUAN BULLISH 🚀 Setelah konsolidasi yang panjang, $AXL menembus resistensi dan membaliknya menjadi dukungan. Momentum kuat, struktur utuh ✅ Tren mendukung sisi atas! Harga Saat Ini: 0.1022 (+42%) 📈 Target? Perhatikan level yang lebih tinggi karena kelanjutan tetap valid.
🚨 $ZEC ALERT – KESEMPATAN PENDEK 🚨 ZEC/USDT menunjukkan kelemahan, dan short yang terkontrol bisa membuahkan hasil. Entry: 380–390 Target: 375 | 362 | 350 Stop Loss: 405 ⚠️ Leverage: Jaga tetap aman – maksimal 5X Harga sedang menguji resistance, dan momentum lebih condong ke bawah. Risiko ketat, entry cerdas, dan target tepat adalah kunci. Setiap penurunan berarti. 📉 Perhatikan struktur, kelola risiko, dan ikuti pergerakan!
Plasma: The Blockchain Built to Make Digital Money Effortless
Imagine sending money across the globe in seconds, without worrying about high fees, delayed confirmations, or complicated processes. Imagine a digital dollar that moves as freely and instantly as a message. This is the vision behind Plasma, a Layer 1 blockchain designed specifically for stablecoin settlement. Unlike general-purpose blockchains, Plasma was built from the ground up to make digital money fast, secure, and user-friendly. In today’s world, stablecoins have become a crucial part of digital finance. They are digital assets pegged to real-world currencies, like the US dollar, allowing users to move value quickly and predictably. Yet, even as stablecoins grow in popularity, the blockchain infrastructure that supports them often falls short. Networks can be congested, fees can skyrocket, and transactions can take minutes or even hours to confirm. Plasma addresses these challenges by creating a blockchain that treats stablecoins as first-class citizens. This article dives deep into Plasma, exploring how it works, why it matters, its unique features, benefits, myths, practical advice, and its potential to reshape the way money moves in the digital era. Why Plasma Matters The financial world is evolving rapidly. Digital payments, cross-border remittances, and blockchain-based financial tools are becoming increasingly common. However, traditional blockchains were not built for everyday money. They prioritize decentralization or smart contract flexibility over speed and cost efficiency. As a result, stablecoin users often face delays and high fees, making the experience frustrating. Plasma solves this by being a stablecoin-first blockchain. Every decision in its design is aimed at making digital money fast, affordable, and easy to use. It provides a reliable infrastructure for retail users, businesses, and even financial institutions to send, receive, and settle money efficiently. How Plasma Works Plasma’s architecture is built on three core pillars: speed, compatibility, and security. These elements work together to create a blockchain optimized for stablecoin transactions. 1. Lightning-Fast Transaction Finality At the heart of Plasma is a consensus mechanism called PlasmaBFT. This system determines how transactions are confirmed across the network. Unlike many blockchains, which can take minutes to finalize a transaction, Plasma finalizes payments in under a second. For users, this means sending money is instantaneous. Whether you are paying a friend, transferring funds to a business, or completing a purchase, you can be confident the transaction is complete immediately. 2. Full Ethereum Compatibility Plasma is fully compatible with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM). This means developers can deploy existing Ethereum smart contracts directly on Plasma without rewriting code. For creators, this is a massive advantage. It allows them to leverage familiar tools while benefiting from Plasma’s faster speeds and lower fees. This compatibility also encourages innovation. Developers can experiment with new financial applications, decentralized finance tools, and stablecoin-focused services while maintaining ease of use for end-users. 3. Bitcoin-Anchored Security Speed and usability are essential, but security cannot be compromised. Plasma addresses this by anchoring its transactions to Bitcoin’s blockchain. Bitcoin is widely regarded as the most secure and decentralized blockchain in existence. By anchoring to Bitcoin, Plasma ensures that its transaction history is highly resistant to tampering and censorship. This combination of fast confirmation, developer flexibility, and strong security makes Plasma a highly attractive platform for individuals, businesses, and financial institutions. Unique Features of Plasma What truly sets Plasma apart is its stablecoin-first approach. The platform includes features that make using digital dollars feel natural and intuitive. Gasless Stablecoin Transfers One of the most notable features is the ability to send USDT without paying traditional gas fees. This makes small transactions practical and removes a significant barrier to adoption. Users no longer need to worry about acquiring a native token or paying extra fees just to move their money. Flexible Gas Options Plasma allows users to pay network fees using stablecoins like USDT or even Bitcoin. This flexibility reduces friction for new users and makes the platform more accessible to a wider audience. Privacy Options Plasma is developing optional privacy features that allow users to conduct transactions confidentially while remaining compliant with regulations. This is particularly valuable for businesses and institutions handling sensitive payments, payroll, or international settlements. High Throughput and Scalability With the PlasmaBFT consensus mechanism, Plasma can handle thousands of transactions per second. The network is designed to scale efficiently as adoption grows, ensuring that users experience consistent performance even during periods of high activity. Benefits of Plasma Plasma offers several benefits that address key pain points in the current blockchain ecosystem. 1. Speed and Efficiency Transactions are confirmed almost instantly, reducing waiting times and enabling real-time payments. This is crucial for both personal use and business operations, where delays can have real financial consequences. 2. Cost Savings By allowing gasless transfers and flexible fee options, Plasma significantly lowers transaction costs. Users no longer face prohibitive fees for sending small amounts or engaging in regular financial activity. 3. Accessibility Plasma removes barriers to entry for new users. There is no need to acquire a native token or learn complex blockchain mechanics. This makes the platform suitable for everyday users, businesses, and institutions alike. 4. Developer-Friendly Environment Existing Ethereum developers can quickly adapt to Plasma. The familiar EVM environment, combined with lower costs and higher speeds, encourages innovation and the creation of new stablecoin-focused applications. 5. Security and Trust Bitcoin-anchored security ensures transactions are resistant to tampering and censorship. Users and institutions can trust that their funds are safe, making Plasma an appealing option for regulated businesses and financial services. Common Misconceptions Even as Plasma gains attention, there are myths that need to be clarified. Plasma is just another Ethereum clone: While Plasma is EVM-compatible, it is designed specifically for stablecoin settlement, with features like gasless transfers and Bitcoin anchoring that differentiate it from Ethereum. Zero-fee transfers can be abused: The network carefully controls gasless transfers to prevent spam and maintain security. Bitcoin anchoring is marketing hype: Anchoring to Bitcoin provides real, verifiable security benefits, ensuring transaction immutability and censorship resistance. Practical Advice for Users and Developers For Users Choose wallets that support Plasma for easy and fast stablecoin transfers. Take advantage of gasless transactions whenever possible. Check the Bitcoin anchoring to ensure transparency and security. For Developers Experiment with deploying smart contracts on Plasma’s EVM-compatible platform. Build applications focused on stablecoins to take full advantage of Plasma’s features. Utilize Plasma’s flexible fee model to improve user experience and adoption. The Human Side of Plasma Beyond technology, Plasma is about human experience. Frustrating delays, confusing fees, and complicated blockchain mechanics can create anxiety and distrust. Plasma addresses these challenges, creating a sense of confidence, freedom, and empowerment for users. For example, families sending remittances can save money and time. Small businesses can receive instant payments from anywhere in the world. For regular users, digital money becomes intuitive and reliable. Plasma transforms how people interact with digital value, making it feel familiar and practical. Plasma in the Bigger Picture Plasma is not meant to replace every blockchain. Instead, it fills a crucial gap as a stablecoin settlement layer. As stablecoins grow in adoption, Plasma has the potential to become the backbone of global digital finance, supporting everything from payroll systems and retail payments to cross-border transfers and decentralized finance applications. By focusing on speed, usability, and security, Plasma positions itself as a practical and scalable solution for the real-world challenges of digital money. Conclusion Plasma demonstrates that blockchain technology can be fast, affordable, and human-friendly. By prioritizing stablecoins, integrating strong security measures, and removing barriers to everyday use, Plasma creates a network that makes digital money feel effortless. It’s a platform designed not just for technology enthusiasts but for anyone who wants to send, receive, or manage money efficiently. Motivational Message The future of money is here, and it is accessible to everyone. Whether you are a curious learner, a developer, or a business leader, now is the moment to explore, innovate, and participate in this new financial landscape. Plasma offers the tools and infrastructure to make digital money simple, fast, and secure for all. Call to Action Explore Plasma’s testnet and experience how seamless stablecoin transactions can be. Educate others about the potential of a blockchain designed for money. Developers, start building applications that leverage Plasma’s speed, security, and stablecoin-first approach. Plasma is more than a blockchain; it is a movement toward a world where money moves quickly, fairly, and securely.
🚀 Temui @Plasma – blockchain Layer 1 yang dibangun untuk transfer stablecoin super cepat! ⚡ Dukungan EVM penuh, USDT tanpa biaya, finalitas sub-detik, dan keamanan setara Bitcoin. Sempurna untuk ritel & institusi yang siap memindahkan uang dengan kecepatan tinggi. 💸#plasma $XPL
@Dusk Didirikan pada tahun 2018, Dusk Network sedang mendefinisikan kembali cara kerja keuangan di blockchain.
Dibangun sebagai blockchain Layer 1 untuk keuangan yang diatur dan mengutamakan privasi, Dusk menggabungkan apa yang paling banyak dijumpai oleh blockchain dalam mencari keseimbangan: kerahasiaan, kepatuhan, dan transparansi. Arsitektur modularnya memungkinkan aplikasi keuangan berkelas institusi, DeFi yang patuh, dan aset dunia nyata yang ter-tokenisasi, sambil menjaga data sensitif tetap pribadi dan dapat diverifikasi.
Ini bukanlah privasi demi kerahasiaan. Dusk memperkenalkan pengungkapan selektif, memungkinkan regulator dan institusi untuk melakukan audit saat diperlukan—tanpa mengekspos pengguna atau pihak lawan. Itu menjadikannya lapisan dasar yang kuat untuk bank, penerbit aset, dan perusahaan yang membawa keuangan nyata ke blockchain.
Dalam dunia di mana regulasi tak terhindarkan dan privasi sangat penting, Dusk berdiri di persimpangan keduanya—dengan tenang membangun masa depan keuangan terdesentralisasi yang patuh. #dusk $DUSK
Dusk Blockchain: Membangun Kembali Infrastruktur Keuangan Dengan Privasi, Kepercayaan, dan Tujuan
Keuangan menyentuh setiap aspek kehidupan manusia. Itu membentuk peluang, keamanan, dan kebebasan. Namun, meskipun pentingnya, sistem di balik keuangan sering kali terasa jauh, lambat, dan tidak adil. Selama bertahun-tahun, teknologi berjanji untuk memperbaiki kenyataan ini, tetapi alih-alih keseimbangan, kami berakhir dengan ekstrem. Keuangan tradisional melindungi privasi dan mengikuti aturan, tetapi itu kaku, mahal, dan usang. Blockchain publik membawa keterbukaan dan kecepatan, tetapi mereka mengekspos terlalu banyak dan mengabaikan regulasi. Tidak ada pendekatan yang benar-benar melayani orang, institusi, atau masyarakat secara keseluruhan.