Cryptocurrency is a form of digital money secured by cryptography and built on blockchain technology, which is a decentralized, transparent, and secure digital ledger . The first and most famous example is Bitcoin, introduced in 2009 by the pseudonymous Satoshi Nakamoto . Cryptos offer advantages like faster, low-cost transactions, greater financial autonomy, and broad global accessibility . However, they carry risks—price volatility, regulatory uncertainty, potential for scams, and environmental concerns from mining . From investment to digital payments and decentralized finance (DeFi), cryptocurrencies are reshaping global finance with both promise and caution.

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