According to current academic research and technological advancements, theoretically, to crack the 256-bit elliptic curve encryption algorithm (ECDSA) used by Bitcoin, a quantum computer with approximately 317 million quantum bits (qubits) would be needed, and the calculations must be completed within a specific time window. Currently, the most advanced quantum computers, such as IBM's superconducting quantum computer, have only about 127 quantum bits, while Google's Willow chip contains 105 quantum bits. Therefore, even if the number of quantum bits in quantum computers grows at a pace similar to Moore's Law, it is expected to take more than a decade to reach the capability required to crack Bitcoin.

In addition, quantum computers not only need a large number of quantum bits but also require extremely low physical error rates and effective quantum error correction techniques. These factors greatly increase the complexity and time requirements for building a quantum computer capable of cracking Bitcoin encryption.

Thus, although quantum computing technology is advancing rapidly, most experts believe that the Bitcoin network will remain safe from quantum computing attacks for many years to come (possibly over a decade). At the same time, as awareness of quantum threats increases, the cryptocurrency community may also take measures to enhance quantum resistance, such as upgrading to quantum-resistant algorithms through hard forks, further protecting the security of the network.