As of late 2025, the U.S. government holds about 207,189 Bitcoins (BTC) in a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve. These Bitcoins mainly come from assets seized during criminal and civil forfeiture cases, including the Silk Road takedown and the Bitfinex hack. The government has also set up a U.S. Digital Asset Stockpile for cryptocurrencies other than Bitcoin.
The United States is the largest owner of Bitcoin among countries. However, its holdings come from seizures and not from market purchases.
Key developments regarding U.S. crypto reserves:
- Establishment of Reserves: In March 2025, President Donald Trump signed an executive order to create a Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and a U.S. Digital Asset Stockpile. This move aimed to centralize the government's crypto holdings.
- Asset Composition: The Strategic Bitcoin Reserve is specifically for Bitcoin. The Digital Asset Stockpile holds other seized cryptocurrencies. The government intends to keep the Bitcoin in the reserve instead of selling it.
- Potential Expansion: The executive order allows the Treasury and Commerce secretaries to create "budget-neutral" strategies for obtaining more Bitcoin through additional seizures, but it bans purchases using taxpayer money.
- Additional Holdings: President Trump also expressed a desire for the digital asset stockpile to include Ethereum, XRP, Solana, and Cardano. This news briefly increased the prices of those assets.
- Comparison to Other Holdings: The U.S. government is a significant holder of Bitcoin, but U.S. Spot Bitcoin ETFs, like BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) and the Fidelity Wise Origin Bitcoin Fund, collectively own more Bitcoin than any single government. It is also believed that the presumed creator of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto, holds a similar amount, although it has never been spent.
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