Cas Abbé

My first reaction was to be surprised when Binance announced on 30 January 2026 that the entire Secure Asset Fund for Users (SAFU) will be transferred off stablecoins and into bitcoin.  SAFU is not a conjectural treasury; it is an insurance fund to compensate the customers, in case of a disaster that occurs on the exchange.  Replacement by the most volatile crypto asset of this safety net of low-volatility stablecoins was like replacing a life raft with a surfboard.

The blockchain reveals that Binance moved 1,315BTC (approximately 100 million dollars) to the SAFU wallet.  This is not a promise but some evidence of execution.

The deeper I excavated the story, the more I saw that it is more subtle.  It is a risky move by Binance on the long-term viability of bitcoin, which it is using as a marker of responsibility following a turbulent year.  This paper will discuss what SAFU is, why Binance is actually switching, and what it will involve both to the users and the market at large.  I have added charts and data where it is necessary to aid the visualization of the trends.

What is the SAFU fund?

To provide customers with security against disastrous failures of exchanges Binance had designed SAFU.  The business makes some investment of trading commissions in the fund and holds the assets in cold storage, not in the operational wallets of the exchange.  SAFU is a self-insured pool; in case of hacking or other damages on Binance, the fund will be able to compensate consumers.  With the exchange rate, the fund has been held at around $1 billion over the years, and increased when the markets are unstable.  The reserve so far had a diversified portfolio comprising of US dollar pegged stablecoins and a little bit of bitcoin and BNB.

The name SAFU is also based on the meme funds are safu, a pun on safe.  The phrase was popularized by Changpeng “CZ” Zhao in the course of a maintenance issue, and the community adopted it as the short term definition of reliability.

The conversion announcement

On 30 January 2026 Binance released an open letter to the crypto community stating that it was going to trade the entire 1b SAFU reserve of stablecoins to bitcoin within the next 30 days.  The trade positioned the action as the component of the greater dedication to transparency and resiliency in the industry: “Bitcoin is the cornerstone of the crypto ecosystem and long-term value, the letter explained.

The plan involves the purchase of bitcoins daily as opposed to a big trade.  This strategy restrains disruption of the market and it is consistent.  With about 33 million dollars per day approximated to be converted, the conversion would be estimated to take 30 days hence about 11,900 BTC would have been purchased by early March.  Another promise made by Binance is the rebalancing mechanism: once the value of a fund is reduced to less than 800 million dollars due to fluctuation in the price of bitcoin, the exchange will add more BTC to restore the reserve to the 1 billion goal.  This is to say that Binance is vowing to purchase the dip with the help of its own revenues in the event of markets plummeting.  The SAFU wallet address is transparent and therefore anyone can monitor the conversion process and ensure that the money is kept in segregation.

Why go all‑in on bitcoin?

It is possible to recognize multiple reasons that Binance makes this daring transition:

Signalling reliability and congruence. The exchange must restore credibility after a tumultuous 2025 that saw a 19 billion liquidation cascade and the Binance exchange being accused of having a monopoly on the market.  Turning SAFU into bitcoin will put Binance on par with the industry, having its insurance fund concurrent with the asset that the majority of its users trust.  It also demonstrates that Binance has a vested interest in the game, that is, in case bitcoin crashes, the fund is hit in the same way as users.  In this regard the move is more of a PR message than a monetary one.

Transparency in terms of on-chain audit.  Stablecoins are opaque - users trust the assertions of issuers concerning reserves.  On-Chain verification A bitcoin-only fund can be verified on-chain.  The SAFU wallet may be viewed by anyone, kept track of incoming transactions and ensured the balance does not drop below the $800 million mark.  This openness overcomes the doubt over exchange proof -of-reserves and demonstrates that Binance cares about accountability.

Bitcoin as a store of value over a long time period.  Binance is convinced that bitcoin is an improved long-term reserve compared to dollar-pegged tokens due to its hard-capped supply, and increased institutional adoption.  The exchange notes that users are starting to view stablecoins not as long-term cash analogs but as an exchange rail and trading chips.  By engineering the conversion of the fund to bitcoin, Binance implicitly bets on the future value of BTC which increases the insurance pool.

Possible threats and objections.

Although the benefits of signalling are obvious, the conversion brings in new threats:

- It is volatile which diminishes reliability. The insurance funds are intended to finance any losses in case of crisis but crisis usually accompanies bitcoin sell-offs. According to CryptoSlate, a fund in the same falling asset may end up being a weaker backstop at the time when it is needed the most. Should bitcoin decline by 20 per cent, the SAFU fund will soon drop to the US800 million bottom, compelling Binance to inject cash at a time when liquidity is tight.

- Pro‑cyclicality. Writing a put option on bitcoin Binance is essentially committing to top up the fund in case the prices decline. During a market crash, the exchange is forced to purchase additional BTC to replenish the fund which increases its exposure. Pro-cyclical insurance structures may enhance stress on failure to fulfill promise.

- Governance and centralization. Binance, a privately owned company controls the SAFU wallet. Opponents believe that on-chain transparency will never reduce the custodial risk of a centralized fund. In addition, such conversion does not transform Binance into a publicly held company that is a bitcoin treasury; SAFU is a user-protection fund, not a corporate treasury.

- Market impact. Other analysts thought that the announcement would increase the BTC prices. Practically, bitcoin failed to spike.
According to BeInCrypto, the prices remained lower than they had been recently and the news penetrated the market relatively quietly. Constant daily buying can be slightly supportive, but it has not caused a situation of a rally.

The contextualisation and visualisation of the SAFU conversion.

In order to be more aware of magnitude and consequences of the SAFU conversion, I referred to multiple charts. Such images provide rough or idea values to emphasize fashions and not hard market information.

Composition of the SAFU fund

The former chart is a comparison of the composition of the fund prior to the conversion and after. Prior to the announcement, SAFU had nearly a hundred percent of stablecoins (USDC) and a minor quantity of BTC. Once the conversion, it will be 100 per cent BTC.

Conversion progress
Binance is converting the fund at a rate of 30 days. The chart below represents an estimated BTC buying history, where the accumulation is in shapes of a step as the exchange makes daily purchases.

Bitcoin price pre-announcement.
The price of Bitcoin did not spike when the announcement was made. Indeed it went over sideways and even a little down in the first days of the conversion. The figure below illustrates a rough price movement towards the end of January and the first half of February 2026.

Wider market trends: tokenized assets and stablecoins.

Even though the SAFU conversion is about bitcoin, it is worth getting the bigger picture of the market. This supply of stablecoins has steadily increased over time, with the amount of coins in circulation of approximately US220 billion in January 2025, and estimated amounts of US320 billion in January 2026, as payment rails and an interface between fiat and decentralised finance. Meanwhile, tokenized real-world assets (RWAs) have grown at a rapid pace during just under US5.5 to over US24billion in the market in the same period. These tendencies show how on-chain assets become diversified and tokenisation gains more significance.

Advantages and disadvantages of the conversion.
In order to sum up the discussion, the chart below assigns some of the perceived advantages and dangers of the topic subjectively. Although the move obviously has excellent points on trust and transparency and moderate points on price support, it presents significant risks on volatility and liquidity management.

Rebalancing scenarios
The last chart shows the possible reaction of the fund value in cases of variation in the prices of bitcoins. At 20 percent loss in BTC, the fund will devalue to the US$800 million bottom and needs to be replenished. In case bitcoin does not increase, the value will remain at the vicinity of US$1billion. A 20 per cent jump would propel the value of the fund to about US 1.2 billion, which will provide Binance with more buffer.

Conclusion
The move by Binance to transform its stablecoins insurance fund into bitcoin in a move to convert the insurance fund is a sensational action. On the one hand it highlights the confidence of the exchange in the bitcoin as the foundational asset of the crypto ecosystem and is a signal of trust after a very difficult year. The shift further makes the fund auditing on-chain and puts the interests of Binance in line with those of bitcoin holders. Conversely, it brings volatility to an insurance pool that ought to be reliable in times of crisis and pro-cyclical commitment to acquire additional BTC at times of market stress.

In my opinion, conversion is not as much about seeking profits but rather about accountability and optics. It is Binance speaking by saying that it will put its money where its mouth is, meaning that its insurance fund is pegged on the same asset that its users have. The fate of this bet will be determined by the direction of the price of bitcoin and the capacity of Binance to meet the promise to replenish when it comes to pressure. At present, the SAFU fund is just an experiment to use blockchain transparency and create trust, which is going to be closely monitored by the whole crypto community within the next month.

The decentralization of blockchain projects is frequently touted as a strength of the project, at the cost of regulation. Plasma moves in another direction. Its founders realize that it can only be adopted in reality once it becomes stable and compliant. They view stablecoins as a linkage between crypto and conventional finance and they think that the linkage needs to comply with the rules. This article discusses the process through which Plasma is developing its payments infrastructure by licensing, partnership and a strategy that would make regulators nod their heads.
Owning the regulated stack

In October 2025 plasmas stated that it has purchased a Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) licensed entity based in Italy and established a compliance center in the Netherlands. It is not a mere formal legalism. New Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation in Europe entails the licensing of service providers. Plasma is enabled to offer custody and exchange services on a harmonized basis through a VASP license. The team is also seeking an Electronic Money institute (EMI) license. With an EMI license they would be allowed to issue stored-value accounts and payment cards, be directly integrated with bank rails and deal with fiat on and off-ramps. In brief, Plasma desires to manage the storage of stablecoins through issuing debit cards in an entirely regulated setting.

Why is this significant? Since controlling the stack eliminates the reliance on the payment processors and banks as third parties. It reduces the expenses, accelerates the product launch, and provides the company with greater control. It also provides users with confidence that Plasma works under strict standards of compliance. These licenses are essential to a network that wants to be the foundation of payments using global stablecoins. They enable Plasma to facilitate large partners, i.e. payroll companies, fintechs, and remittance providers, who cannot operate without compliance.

Compliance as a product but not a burden

Regulation usually appears to be like putting a restraint on innovation. Plasma has a different description: compliance may be an aspect. One of the partnerships that the network entered into in December 2025 saw it collaborating with a company known as MassPay to provide near-immediate payouts to over 230 nations. In this collaboration, the clients of MassPay will be able to repay in USDT in the Plasma and exchange the money when necessary into the local currencies. More importantly, all payouts will be vetted through anti-money laundering (AML) and know-your-customer (KYC) checks. The network is connected with the third-party compliance systems such as Elliptic to screen transactions. That is, the rails of Plasma are made to facilitate high-volume low-cost payouts without compromising legal protection. This is attractive to businesses that require speed and compliance (gig-economy platforms, ecommerce marketplaces, payroll services, and so on).

An opt-in confidentiality module of transfers using USDT was also implemented by plasma. It employs cryptography to conceal transaction information to the general population without allowing the authorized groups to inspect the information. It is not a complete privacy chain, but rather, it is meant to provide a balance between user confidentiality and the necessity of regulators and partners to track flows. This is an intermediate ground that is vital to the companies dealing with the sensitive financial information and requiring them to pass audits.

Entering into cross-chain liquidity pools

One of the pieces of the puzzle is regulation. The other one is interoperability. Plasma was also integrated with NEAR Intents in January 2026, a cross-chain liquidity protocol, which will transfer large amounts of USDT. The integration introduces the native token of Plasma, XPL, and USDT0 (the omnichain version of USDT by Tether) into a pool shared among over twenty-five blockchains. It is that users can exchange assets between Plasma and networks such as Ethereum, Arbitrum, and Avalanche without bridging assets. In case of business, this increases the stack of regulated payments of Plasma. Indicatively, an organization might compensate freelancers on Solana with money on Plasma without accessing several networks.
Plasma will become the conforming clearinghouse of the stablecoin economy by using regulatory qualifications and cross-chain connectivity. It uses the liquidity of other networks together with providing an institutional settlement backbone that is stable and compliant. This approach is specially applicable because global regulators are more concerned with stablecoins. Businesses desire associates that are capable of integrating into old systems and meeting the compliance requirements of regulators. The cross-chain integration of plasma demonstrates that compliance and openness are non-oppressive.
One licensed neobank Plasma One.
All these licenses and integrations culminate to Plasma One, which is a neobank created by the company on the basis of its payments stack. Plasma One comes with a wallet which contains USDT, is an interest-generating wallet, offers a debit card and does instant transfers. It is not a normal bank; it is a financial technology. Nevertheless, the intention to obtain EMI and other licenses will allow Plasma One to have access to card networks and bank rails on a legal basis. This assists it in its activities in territories where crypto only products would be restricted. Plasma One offers an array of cashbacks, high-yield, and the 24 hours access to funds. In the countries with weak currencies or minimal banking facilities, this yield, liquidity, and compliance package is appealing to a user.
In the view of Plasma, Plasma One is a showcase and an experiment. The company has control of the entire stack, which includes licensing, compliance, technology, and it is able to iterate faster and provide a product that can be replicated by other builders. Over time, one use of the licensed infrastructure of Plasma would be by third-party developers to create their own neobanks or payment apps. This network effect may be valuable as the core chain itself.
Future outlook: Regulation as an asset.
With the current trend of increasing supply of stablecoins and governments around the world responding to it, two categories of stablecoin infrastructure will probably emerge: those that comply and those that do not. Plasma is placing a bet with clarity on the former group. Its licensing business in Europe, its moves into new areas and its compliance with the changes in laws provide it with the way to mainstream adoption. Although the crypto world takes regulation and red tape as synonyms, the attitude of Plasma is another tale: the ability to follow regulations opens up the previously closed markets. In order to turn digital dollars into business and consumer transactions, they must have rails of which regulators have faith. Plasma aims to be that rail.
#plasma $XPL @Plasma

An Upgrade: The V23 Protocol.

In 2025 Vanar achieved an upgrade to the V23 a significant overhaul where Stellar SCP was merged with Vanar architecture.
The new system employs federated Byzantine agreement allowing the nodes to verify one another automatically. Consensus is still achieved even with the failure of some nodes making the network more resilient. An open-port verification system gives security a boost: every node should complete IP and port checks, which prevents malicious actors and false contributions. Performance also rises. Smart memory and dynamic block sizes reduce the latency with block time being three seconds. Now users do not have to update manually; changes in ledger only enter the book within a few seconds and the validation of changes take just a few minutes.

These enhancements led to practical use. The V23 jump shot on-chain nodes to a new high of approximately 18,000 and the success rate of the transaction was 99.98. It was clearing over nine million transactions daily, and the transactions were completed without congestion. Such reliability is very important in finance, gaming and business.

A Token Economy of the Community.

Designed in conjunction with the V23 upgrade, the token design of Vanar is limited to a total of 2.4 billion VANRY. Half of them were issued to replace the original TVK token. The rest of the 1.2 billion tokens are allocated out over a period of two decades so as not to cause immediate inflation and to tie the rewards to long term growth. Validators receive tokens eighty-three percent of which promotes network security. The thirteen percent is used in continuous technological development, and the four percent is the contribution to community event and airdrops. There are no tokens on the founding team, which reduces the possibility of massive sell-offs. The more the network is used, the more VANRY is burned, their supply is decreased, and there is a loop of use-burn-scarcity.

Vanar will soon implement Governance Proposal 2.0, which will allow the holders of the tokens to vote on the settings of the AI models, rules of incentives and fees charged by smart-contract. That will provide the community with a first-hand influence in the direction of the protocol. A fixed fee system makes the costs predictable and reasonable even when the demand is high.

Gaming: A Gateway to Adoption

Following the upgrade, the VGN gaming network at Vanar went up. Soroban contracts make it possible to create advanced in-game economies that have dynamic pricing, rewards powered by AI, and cross-chain transactions. One of its flagship games, Jetpack Hyperleague, introduced an on-chain AI task system; players receive NFTs and VANRY through personal missions. By early 2026, the in-game trade had reached over 1.2 billion dollars and the number of registrations reached 15 million. More than 60 percent were legacy gamers and this is a confirmation that low prices and immediate finality is an attraction to mainstream users. The network introduced eleven or twelve new games that year and increased its developer base by 89 percent and was able to build a diverse library

Brand Partnerships and Metaverse.

Beyond gaming Vanar Virtua metaverse is an emerging virtual-real community. The virtual brand showrooms and cross platform identity allow users to interact with brands in immersive environments. In one of its most recent collaborations with fashion house Valentino, a virtual fashion show was hosted; viewers could watch, purchase co-brandied merchandise and receive a discount on physical products. During the initial month the event attracted more than three million participants and 180million collectibles sold. The identity system allows the free movement of avatars and NFTs across VGN and partner sites to create a single Web3 identity and enhance the engagement.

PayFi and Real-Life Applications.

In 2026, Vanar strengthened the relationship with Worldpay. Customers have the option to purchase on-chain assets in 150 fiat currencies and it has a success rate of over 99.

The transition is a bridge between conventional banking and blockchain that facilitates the access of new users. Vanar provides visibility in supply chains: AI and smart contracts check production, transportation, and sales, increasing the traceability by 60 0.01 and reducing the risk of counterfeit by approximately 50 percent. In an attempt to encourage corporate adoption, Vanar introduced a $50M Web3 Brand Accelerator. It has added 27 brands in fashion, cosmetics and consumer goods, which receive tech support, marketing and access to the ecosystem.

Another Differentiation in Layer 1 Competition.

Layer-1 chains are clogging the 2026 Web3 space. Vanar seeks to distinguish itself on the basis of three pillars which are architecture, ecosystem and token design. It incorporates the FBA consensus of Stellar, AI-native and open-port checks into a scalable and secure core. It has gaming, metaverse, brand, and business services and thus has more applications near gaming compared to narrow chains. Its token model, whose release schedule is long, no team members are assigned and there is community governance creates trust and draws institutions. Vanar intends to expand globally, especially in quickly expanding Web3 regions like Southeast Asia and Middle East, and expects to hit fifty million users.

Losing the Digital Age to the Physical.

The 202526 story by Vanar demonstrates how a blockchain can shift to an entertainment industry-wide ecosystem and not just a gaming hub. AI-assisted compliance, low charges, and high throughput allows users to lock legal agreements, provide records and branded tales to the chain. Cutting the entry cost of developers and users, providing real-world incentives with tokenomics and partnerships makes Vanar the infrastructure of mainstream adoption. It depends on whether these real-life connections will sustain demand; though the momentum gathered to date is suggesting a sunny road ahead.

#Vanar @Vanarchain
$VANRY

Introduction
A technical challenge, such as deploying real financial products (stocks and bonds) on a public blockchain is more than merely a technical challenge. It must also be legally approved and have a good market structure. Dusk Network is fully aware of this. Dusk also collaborates with regulators and licensed financial companies instead of ignoring regulations.

Numerous cryptocurrency ventures promote decentralization and evade control. Dusk takes another path. It is developing a blockchain with the capability to accommodate regulated assets on a legal basis. It explains the way Dusk is partnering with licensed exchanges, like NPEX and 21X, why it wants to trade and settle via a special license, the way its trading platform STOX connects, and the impact of European regulations on its strategy.

NPEX alliance - acquiring actual financial licenses.

Dusk is collaborating with NPEX, a Dutch licensed exchange in 2025. The collaboration provided Dusk with a number of major financial licenses: trading, brokerage services, crowdfunding, and special blockchain trading and settlement license.

Such licenses allow Dusk to engage in the trade within regulated assets like stocks and bonds in a legal manner. The distinction is that compliance is built in the blockchain. Applications created on Dusk thus do not have to resolve legal problems, the regulations exist at the network level.

The joint venture formed the NPEX dApp, which is a regulated market through which companies can issue tokenized assets, and investors can trade these assets. It is directly linked to the smart-contracts of Dusk and allows the use of assets of NPEX, 21X, and other institutions. Dusk and NPEX are showing that regulated on-chain trading can be conducted in a non-problematic and safe manner by beginning with real-world assets in current markets.

21X collaboration - regulated trading under the DLT Pilot regime.

Dusk collaborates with 21X, a company that was one of the first to obtain permission to implement blockchain-based trading and settlement systems in Europe. The acceptance of that is based on a special European framework that allows testing markets based on blockchain under strict rules.
As opposed to most of the controlled platforms, which are based on a private blockchain, 21X is based on public networks. Dusk is a newcomer to the trading industry and expects to become more integrated in the long run. It aims to utilize the smart-contract layer of Dusk as a supported blockchain to do regulated trading.
The collaboration underlines the management of reserve of stable-coins. The issuers of stable-coins require safe and controlled means of handling huge amounts of money and assets. The privacy aspect that dusk offers facilitates big trades without the exposure of sensitive information but allows regulators to have access to any information when required.
Because the value of real-world assets like stocks and bonds is significant, this collaboration makes Dusk a legitimate platform through which the latter is transferred to the blockchain.
A blockchain stock exchange and Cordial Systems.
The other achievement was when Cordial Systems became part of Dusk and NPEX to create one of the first blockchain-based stock exchanges in Europe. NPEX already has the authorization to operate a regulated trading venue and has Dusk as the blockchain infrastructure to issue and trade assets.
Cordial supplies provide wallet technology that enables institutions to have direct control over their assets without a third-party custodian. This is essential to banks and big investors who need all key control.
With Dusk, NPEX gains privacy, in-built compliance, and DeFi tools without breaking the financial regulations. Technically, it was straight forward to integrate Dusk and the tokenized assets in real life have already been released. This demonstrates the fact that regulated stock trading can be supported by public blockchains, rather than experiments.
STOX the trading platform - own by Dusk.

Besides partnerships, Dusk is also developing its own trading platform, STOX. The idea of the platform is to put regulated assets on-chain, such as, money-market funds, stocks, and bonds, directly to users.
STOX will be installed on the smart-contract of Dusk and will be rolled out in stages. It starts small with few partners and assets, and expands over time. STOX is not a substitute of NPEX but it also works with it. NPEX is licensed as a broker and as such, STOX can legally offer a large array of regulated assets.
As it develops its own platform, Dusk has gained control over the entire process- user-onboarding to the ultimate settlement. STOX is able to combine staking rewards, payments and tokenized assets in a manner that traditional brokers cannot. In the long-term, Dusk aims to introduce users of both conventional and DeFi into a single market.
An important regulatory objective is the DLT -TSS license.
One of the key points of the Dusk strategy is a special license that will allow the blockchain systems to trade and settle securities. It is also time-consuming and requires close cooperation with exchanges, lawyers, and regulators in order to receive this license.
Upon approval, the license will enable assets to be issued on the blockchain without necessarily having traditional custodians. The system should completely adhere to European financial regulations, such as the crypto asset and the financial service provider regulations.
Before launching its products, Dusk works hand in hand with regulators to meet these requirements through its blockchain and applications. It is also a pre-emptive measure that will avoid future legal challenges and it shows that Dusk is, in fact, dedicated to regulation.
The institution readiness and compliance to miCA.
The European crypto regulations distinguish between digital assets namely payment tokens, asset-backed tokens, and utility tokens. The technology of Dusk is designed to serve all these types correctly.
Dusk implements legal regulations in its smart contracts and network structure instead of making companies develop their own compliance tools. This eases regulated product issuance by regulators and assures the regulators that the system promotes investor protection and market regulations.
This preparedness is important to institutions that are incapable of bearing legal risks. The looming of dusk reduces the obstacles of using blockchain infrastructure by traditional organizations.
Forced transfers, identity and security lifecycle.
The administration of on-chain securities does not only involve transferring tokens. Dusk includes features that deal with real-life situations.
Forced transfer is a mechanism that allows authorized individuals to transfer assets in case an investor loses access to it or a court decides to reverse it. It also gives the investors protection and makes it easy to settle dispute although it is somewhat centralizing the control.
Dusk also enables on-chain voting in case of token owners. Shareholder votes can be conducted by companies with a set time to vote and power is considered to be in terms of the number of tokens.
There is a requirement of identity checks. The trading of regulated assets should verify the investors and only the qualified people should possess such tokens, and the system remains not violating the financial laws.
Dusk as a depository securities depository.

Dusk has been moving towards the operation as a central securities depository, which would handle electronic ownership records and settlements on-chain.
This will save expenditures as opposed to old systems that are based on costly charges and brokers. Settlement are nearly immediate, and compliance is an inbuilt part of the process. The model of Dusk will provide a sustainable solution to the digital securities as the sandboxes of the temporary regulations are abandoned.
This is a major achievement towards becoming a blockchain-based securities depository. It positions Dusk on the same level as the traditional providers of financial infrastructure and indicates that it is highly trusted by regulators.
Chainlink connection and cross-chain access.
Dusk is linked to other blockchains through cross-chain system, which enables the transfer of assets and tokens in Dusk, Ethereum, and Solana without any risk.
Chainlink is also a provider of reliable market information, which is necessary to the regulated trading. This integration allows to regulate assets of Dusk to interact with the rest of the blockchain ecosystem and maintain privacy and compliance.
In this arrangement, the assets of Dusk are not limited to one chain, but can be deployed in many systems without affected legal safeguards.
Stablecoins and momentum of real-world assets.
One of the initial applications of the regulated infrastructure of Dusk can be stablecoin reserves. Issuers of stablecoins require safe methods of purchasing and selling regulated assets that support their tokens.
This can be done through the partnerships of Dusk under European regulations and the network is also compatible with payment-centered firms, not just securities but real-life finance.
Dusk is set to be the blockchain layer that provides the opportunity to issue, trade, and settle tokenized funds and stablecoins as legitimate assets as institutions move towards greater adoption of these technologies.
Conclusion
Dusk Network is acting in a very bold and disciplined manner. It is constructing an official blockchain uniquely to regulated finance, in conjunction with licensed exchanges, creating its own buying and selling platform, pursuing key licenses, and embedding closely with European regulations. This provides a legal basis that is not trying to be covered by many crypto projects.
Simultaneously, it provides more current blockchain functions, including privacy, rapid settlement, staking and cross-chain access. The identity checks, forced transfers, and on-chain voting are just some of the tools that solve the real operational dilemmas.
The real test is next. Provided that the platforms of Dusk draw real companies, investors, and trading activity, it might be fundamental infrastructure of tokenized finance. The success would demonstrate that public blockchains and financial regulation can work instead of confront one another and drive the future of markets.
#Dusk
$DUSK @Dusk_Foundation

Plasma began as a chain that is best used to transfer stablecoins. It soon gained liquidity, became part of DeFi protocols, and was a regulated neobank. Today, at the beginning of 2026, the project is on the verge of its next adventure: globalization and a more extensive connection with the entire crypto-community. This article discusses the way Plasma intends on expanding its user base, integrate Bitcoin into its system, and overcome the difficulties of scaling fast.

More than the early markets: East and south

Plasma One first focused on the high dollar cities like Istanbul and Buenos Aires. These areas are characterized by very high inflation rates and they are consumers of digital dollars. Plasma is targeting Middle East and Southeast Asia in 2026. These are the areas with high populations of migrant workers that remit money, as well as with the fast-rising digital economies. In order to achieve success, Plasma should localize its services. It would imply collaborating with regional payment providers to issue cards, so that merchants are able to accept payments in stablecoins, and work around local regulations. It is also the ability to adjust the user interface to the local languages and cultural standards.

Plasma has indicated that it will expand Plasma One to these areas and it hopes to have a goal of over 100,000 people actively using it on a daily basis before the end of the year. The idea is straightforward yet bold: offer free transfers and high returns and cashback to a user to make them change their mind about the remittance system and savings accounts of the past. This would establish a new trend of the stablecoin neobanks and demonstrate that crypto rails can target the unbanked and underbanked.
The indigenous Bitcoin bridge: pBTC

The roll of a pBTC, a native Bitcoin bridge is one of the largest technical projects Plasma has in its roadmap. A large number of Bitcoin owners would like to spend their resources in DeFi or payment situations but do not do so because bridging can involve third-party custodians or complicated wrapping. Plasma, through pBTC, is supposed to provide a 1: 1 custodial representation of Bitcoin on Plasma. Users post BTC, get pBTC and are able to either lend them, make payments or put them up as collateral on Plasma. When they would like to leave, they redeem pBTC to BTC.
This bridge has the potential to open very vast capital. By far the biggest crypto asset in terms of market capital is Bitcoin. Assuming that the percentage flowing into the ecosystem of Plasma is not too large, it may increase the liquidity to a significant degree. It also establishes a new user experience: a payment using Bitcoin in stores that accept Plasma One cards. As the paymaster of Plasma is likely to have native support of pBTC, Bitcoin transfers may have the same zero-fee system as USDT.

It is complicated to start a Bitcoin bridge. It demands strong custody, reliable redemption procedures as well as attentive risk control. Plasma claims to peg its sidechain on Bitcoin every now and then borrowing the security of Bitcoin to settle the end result. This strategy is a blend of the velocity of Plasma and the notoriety of Bitcoin. Should it succeed, pBTC may turn Plasma into a Bitcoin capital-seeking yield and utility hub.

Meeting the 2026 risks head-on

Rapid growth brings risks. The biggest problem facing Plasma is the unlocking of the token in July 2026. Approximately 3.5 billion of XPL tokens will be made transferable upon expiration of the one-year lockup of the 2025 public offering. Selling pressure can be caused by large unlocks. Plasma will counter this by introducing staking around the same period. The token holders will also be motivated to delegate their XPL to the validators where they will receive rewards and contribute to the safety of the network. Staking mechanism is also based on an EIP-1559-style burn, where fees are destroyed, which puts deflationary pressure on XPL. It is hoped by the company that these incentives will persuade holders to stake and not sell.
The other risk is that of user engagement. The high TVL and deposit figures of plasma indicate that the institutions and DeFi users like plasma, yet the aggregate number of transactions daily is not as high as it should be to qualify as a payments network. Plasma is being used by many users to make simple transfers and do yield farming but not their day-to-day payments. Plasma has an intention of rolling out Plasma One in new geographical areas, introduce new features like paying utility bills and recharge of mobile phones, and implement pBTC to transform that. Assuming that the network has the capacity to handle daily purchases and remittances at scale, the number of transactions may increase and result in new business participants.
There is also increasing competition. The other chains and payment networks that specialize in stablecoins are competing with the same audience. Plasma is placing its twofold edge of deep DeFi liquidity and a consumer-focused neobank to keep up with the times. The merging of both worlds poses a barrier which cannot be easily duplicated by general-purpose chains and pure payment apps. It also provides Plasma with the opportunity to cross-sell services, i.e. convert remittance clients into DeFi users and reverse.
Long-term vision: Value rather than hype.
The philosophy of plasma is also surprisingly conservative as a crypto project. The team discusses the long-term value, the development of the controlled infrastructure, and the integration with the conventional financial system freely. This is unlike most of the projects, which pursue speculative cycles. Focus on the real product, such as Plasma One, adherence to MiCA, and collaboration with well-established paying companies illustrates the intention to create a point of transition between digital value and everyday life. This focus would be a distinguishing feature of Plasma in a market that is full of promises.
2026 will be a decisive year. Whether Plasma will be able to expand to new markets, to roll out the Bitcoin bridge without troubles, and to navigate the token unlock without significant price shocks, will be the determinants of success. Should it be able to do so, Plasma could potentially not only establish itself as a fundamental, stablecoin rail, but it would also be able to show that the next phase of crypto adoption could be based on regulated, user-friendly services, as opposed to hype. You are either a developer, investor or consumer, Plasma provides the view of how digital money might work, not speculation, when built to work with people
#plasma $XPL @Plasma

Vanar Chain was founded as an online experience, Virtua, which is all about digital collectibles and metaverse fun. In 2024 the group resolved to switch and change their name to Vanar Chain, an open Layer-1 network over Ethereum but modified to achieve some objectives. It was not only faster transactions, but to create a chain which would have been able to comprehend what it was talking about in its data. The dev team, who are located in Dubai, London and Lahore, added on a hybrid consensus mechanism and a fixed-fee economic system in the effort to reduce costs and make things foreseeable. In less than 18 months, the network processed nearly 12 million transactions and added over 1.5 million distinct addresses and connected with over a hundred ecosystem participants. The transition to an enterprise-level base replacing a consumer-focused NFT platform illustrates the evolution of Vanar into a so-called chain that thinks as by the builders.

Neutron Seeds: The Chain with a Memory

The common blockchains merely store cryptographic hashes of files. The real contents are stored elsewhere, in IPFS, cloud storage, whatever, it is the ownership illusion of Vanar that his crew call it. Should that off-chain storage become unavailable, the record stored in the on-chain becomes useless. Vanar corrects that big files are squashed into tiny AI-readable tokens by Neutron Seeds, a technology. The legal agreement with all its content (50 pages) or even a 4K video can be reduced to a seed just a few dozen characters across using neural nets and semantic embeddings. The said seeds may be left to survive on the chain or off-chain based on the level of speed or verifiability you desire. Off-chain ensures performance is fast, and optional on-chain anchoring provides immutable metadata, ownership, and encrypted hash. The owner is the only one who can crack the seed, and so, there is safety of the personal stuff. Such a hybrid combination provides speed and trust, resolves the broken-link problem, and develops an organized memory layer of apps.
The seeds have AI embeddings, which render them context-aware. Devs and users are able to search seeds with content, date or file type. A seed may represent entire docs, paragraphs, pictures or related pieces of information. Practically, an AI agent can be able to look at a compressed seed and retrieve what is inside. Instead of a hash indicating, here is a doc, seeds are living memory which maintain meaning alive. That type of persistent memory is important in a world where the autonomous systems are the ones making calls.
Kayon: The Chain Reasoning Engine.
Memory is not everything but the chain must also think about the data. The reasoning layer is the Kayon AI by Vanar. It is able to read Neutron Seeds, extract the contents within them and have smart contracts query and process that data as it happens. A loan example An AI agent may bootstrap a loan, and Kayon would read the compressed credit history of the borrower on-chain, do compliance verification and calculate a risk-adjusted rate, all on-chain, no oracles. Kayon connects to already known tools to integrate random business data into a personal, encrypted knowledge base, such as Gmail and Google Drive. The users have the option to log in with Google, Web3 wallet, or regular creds and choose what data sources to index. Future integrations such as Slack, Notion, Salesforce and others will transform Kayon into an omniscient gateway that will be able to respond to questions such as, What did we speak about with the Johnson account last quarter?
With the memory of Neutron and the thought process of Kayon, Vanar becomes something other than a mere ledger, but a database which actually thinks.

The network is designed as an agent-based as a task, but only a one-off human move. Smart contracts are able to process queries using natural-language and execute compliance checks in real-time. That prepares Vanar as the foundation of PayFi (payment finance) and real-life asset tokenization, in which regulation must occur on a self-directed basis. The system is able to scan documents, confirm legal requirements and initiate settlements without human intervention.

A Progressive Consensus: Proof of Authority Governed by Reputation

To have all this intelligence working, the network must be very stable. Vanar begins with the Proof of Authority (PoA) consensus game followed with layers in Proof of Reputation (PoR) and Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS). Initially the Vanar Foundation operates validator nodes to ensure that the process is fast and secure. In the long run, outsiders may become boarders as authenticators depending on their reputation in Web2 and Web3 networks. Established companies with a good track record may apply and the foundation will then ensure that they have a good track record before they make the decision to hire them. When they are in, the broader community will be able to delegate VANRY tokens to said nodes, strengthening the network and receiving rewards. The resulting satisfactory decentralization maintained through this ladder of trust and also remaining stable, this plays a role in ensuring that as more players are trusted, the network becomes open to them rather than throwing a switch to an extreme of permissionless blockchain.

This is supported by Vanar economic playbook. Their transaction fees are fixed at roughly half a cent and they have FIFO ordering to ensure that users do not get to fight the gas auctions. Blocks fire on an average of every three seconds and the native token VANRY is rolled out in the span of twenty years or so. Majority of the new token proceed to rewards to validators with smaller portions to devs and the community. There are no tokens to the founding team hence the incentives align with the individuals using it. This per-use and flat cost scheme provides small applications and large corporations with a predictable thing.

Natural-Language Wallets and Personal Agents.

The brains of the chain are seen in end-user equipment as well. Introduced in late 2025, MyNeutron allows users to add the documents and context of any type of AI tool in order to create personal AI agents. These agents are similar to digital assistants: they can trade, organize in-game equipment, coordinate micro-payments and provide advice based on the history of the owner across apps. Since the memory layer is universal, one can have a chat with one assistant and another can chat. That is a leap up the ladder to stateless chatbots and it demonstrates that Vanar stack is sticky context-neutral.

Another project that is also experimenting with Pilot, a natural-language wallet interface, which allows users to create, store and transfer assets through simple commands. Rather than handwriting your signature to sign something, you can say to Pilot something like send five VANRY to my friend or mint an NFT of this photo and it does the nitty-gritty. The combination of fixed fees, three seconds finality and context intelligent agents makes the micro-payments a reality. You neither have to pay on the spikes nor go laggy when paying, like the old traditional chains do when you buy electricity, streaming or in-game rewards on the fly.

Sustainably and interoperatively designed.

Due to the connection with Google Cloud, Vanar operates its infrastructure on green power. BCW Group owns and operates validator nodes powered by renewable energy to process billions of fiat-to-crypto swaps. It also uses an AI stack boosted with CUDA by NVIDIA to perform heavy math calculations. These options are an indication of dedication to green and enterprise-level reliability. And, as it is EVM compatible, Ethereum contracts and tools simply work on Vanar out of the box, without rewrites, and allow developers to immediately jump in with their applications and start enjoying the benefits of fixed costs, persistent memory and AI intelligence.

The Oath and The Question to Come.

Vanar Chain is looking to a time when the autonomous agents will be significant players in the economy. Making the chain logical and thoughtful, and taking a gradual consensus that favors speed over trust, Vanar opens the success of smart finance and applications to practice. The vision will work in case AI agents launch off in reality.
As long as the world remains button-heavy and clicky, Vanar could seem to be over-engineered in terms of fancy architecture. However, when autonomous systems begin dealing with assets, trading and executing contracts, a chain of recollection and reason is necessary. That is what Vanar is developing, and the fact that the service is transitioning to an AI-native base indicates how rapidly the blockchain industry can move.

#Vanar @Vanarchain
$VANRY

Introduction

The former article described the manner in which Dusk Network isolates settlement, execution, and privacy to establish a powerful foundation of compliant finance. It was dedicated to the internal mechanism of the system: payments, smart contracts, staking, privacy models, and cryptography. But Dusk is not all about technology. It is also at what the application of this technology can be applied to the real world, particularly in the regulated assets.

Dusk has since, since the main network was launched in January 2025, put a lot of focus on taking real financial products on-chain. These are securities, money-market funds, and other real world assets. To accomplish this, Dusk has been working on licenses, collaborations with regulated exchanges, integration of stablecoins, and even its trading platform. That is the side of the story that this paper examines. It describes the way of how Dusk will operate according to financial regulations rather than evade them, and why it differs to most blockchains.

Why Tokenization Can Use More Than a Basic Blockchain.

The concept of tokenization is commonly explained in the simplest way possible: take something real and make it a token. But controlled assets are not that easy. A fund unit, share or bond is associated with regulations. It is not something everybody can own. Transfers may be restricted. Payment of dividends should be done properly. There has to be a clear-cut voting. Records have to be checked by regulators.

The majority of blockchains are not designed to do so. They are able to move tokens, but not to cope with actual financial rules. Dusk was intended to fill this gap. It provides privacy as well as control. This does not imply that sensitive information cannot be kept confidential, but regulations can be implemented.

Being a Central Securities Depository, or CSD, is one of the objectives of Dusk. The traditional definition of CSD is the system that maintains records of ownership of which securities to whom and validity of transfers. Dusk is interested in doing this on a publicly accessible blockchain. In this regard, it is seeking a special license to enable blockchain systems to trade and settle regulated assets. Should this be successful this would enable the issuance, trading and settlement of securities directly on-chain without legal loss of validity.

The DLT-TSS Certificate and Dusk as an Intermediary Securities Depository.

One of the major components of the plan that Dusk has is the DLT-TSS license. This license is a result of a European pilot initiative, which can enable blockchain systems to run actual financial markets under regulation. Dusk would be licensed under this and be considered as securities trading and settlement infrastructure.

In the traditional markets, the settlement is tedious and cumbersome. Custody, clearing and record keeping are undertaken by different companies. Dusk intends to have one system of these steps. Trades are completed quicker, at lower costs and can be audited more easily by doing settlement on-chain.

The peculiarity of Dusk is that it will seek to do it on a publicly available blockchain. A wide range of tokenization systems are privately or permissioned systems run by a small number of parties. Dusk rather permits open participation of the validators with strict rules applied only to regulated assets. The investors are required to be approved, identities verified, and transfers should be lawful. This establishes an openness and control combination that can be tolerated by the regulators.

NPEX - Taking Licensed Markets On-Chain.

NPEX is one of the most significant partners of Dusk, a trading venue that is licensed in the Netherlands. There is an already established regulated securities market in NPEX. NPEX utilizes Dusk as the blockchain layer in issuing and settling these assets through the partnership.
The securities can be listed using a decentralized application that is linked to Dusk. These assets are traded by investors, and all the operations are documented in the blockchain. Since NPEX already has the licenses required then this arrangement puts actual market activity on Dusk.
The most important aspect is that the system is designed in terms of compliance. The smart contracts include identity checks, transfers and recovery options. This is unlike in many DeFi platforms which add compliance later or are dependent on external custodians. In the case of Dusk and NPEX, technology and legal structure are developed with each other.
Stablecoin Treasury Management and 21X.
Dusk is also collaborating with 21X which is another regulated trading account run under the European pilot regime. The collaboration revolves around the management of the reserves by the stablecoins. Money-market funds or other such assets are commonly used as the backing of stablecoins. These reserves involve big and delicate trades to manage the reserves.
The privacy conditions of Dusk enable such trades to occur without positioning them at risk of being exposed to other people. Meanwhile, regulators can still get to see what they have to see. This also renders Dusk not only beneficial in securities trading but also in the stablecoin operations.
This collaboration demonstrates the emergence of an integration of the traditional finance and blockchain finance. It is possible to trade and settle on-chain but applying the same rules used in conventional markets. These controlled activities are being implemented as the execution layer using dusk smart-contract environment.
Cordial Systems -A Blueprint of a blockchain Stock Exchange.
The other significant partnership is the one between Cordial Systems, NPEX, and Dusk to develop a stock exchange on blockchain. Cordial offers the facilities that enable the institutions to maintain their own keys safely without handing them over to third parties.
This arrangement enables issuers and investors to have assets on hand at the same time and comply with standards of security and compliance. Dusk gives the layer of settlement and privacy and NPEX offers the market license.
Cost reduction is one of the most interesting outcomes of this cooperation. Conventional trades are very costly in terms of settlement and custody systems. These processes are made easier with the help of Dusk. The partners claimed that integrating Dusk did not need much work, and real assets have already been introduced through this arrangement. This demonstrates that Dusk is not a mere theory but one which is being put into practice in real environments.
STOX -Dusk In-House Trading Platform.
Besides the partnerships, Dusk is developing its own trading platform which is named STOX. The STOX concept entails the provision of regulated assets to users in a controlled setting. It is based on the smart contract layer of Dusk and it is also meant to collaborate with other partners, such as NPEX, and not to displace them.
STOX will be launched on a small scale with a limited number of assets and be expanded in time. It will be able to offer new financial products by being directly integrated with the core functions of Dusk. Users could either receive staking rewards when they hold regulated assets or attract tokenized funds as security.
STOX is also used as a testing platform. This is where new financial concepts can initially be launched, refined and subsequently implemented on larger regulated markets. This strategy will provide Dusk with flexibility without breaking the law.
MiCA and the EU Regulatory Environment.The MiCA regulation of Europe provides a clear framework of crypto assets, including the categories of token and establish the issuance and trading rules. Dusk has adjusted its system to this framework.

The system of payment is in accordance with the rules of digital money tokens. Application regulated assets with identity verifications and transfers are controlled by the use of tokenization tools. The bottom layer still supports the normal utility tokens.

By matching its technology with the existing legislation, the issuers and investors become less uncertain. Instead of doubting about the rules possibly becoming obsolete, they are able to design with the understanding that the rules have already been achieved. This is one of the strong points of Dusk.

Compliance Characteristics, Identity, Forced Transfers and Governance.
Dusk supports regulated assets by including important features.

First, the forced transfers allow authorized operators to transfer assets where necessary, e.g. where a wallet access has been lost or a court has directed otherwise. This will enhance central control but it is necessary to comply.

Second, identity checks ensure that only authenticated investors possess certain assets. Before investors are accepted into the system, they have to undergo verification so that they can trade privately with a vetted group and at the same time, meet regulation.

Third, governance characteristics allow token owners to vote on such aspects as dividends or change of contract. Voting occurs on-chain, has set timelines and ensures privacy.

The characteristics make Dusk a platform that can be used to manage real financial instruments as opposed to speculative tokens.

Security and Tokenomics A 36 Year Emission Schedule.
The token model of Dusk is long-term in nature. The total supply is limited and half emitted at the beginning and the rest of the supply is issued over a long period through staking rewards. The rate of reward cuts after every several years.

The gradual and predictable schedule enhances the long term security. Validators do not just get rewards on a short-term basis and not just on a long-term basis. Violent offenders can be temporarily displaced without losing their stake.

This method is compatible with the objective of Dusk to subsidize the long-term assets such as bonds or funds.

Chainlink and Cross-Chain Interoperability.

Dusk is connected to other blockchains through Chainlink, through which assets can be moved across networks including Ethereum and Solana. Chainlink also provides quality price and market information.

Since the financial markets are interconnected, the Dusk-issued assets might be required to interact with other chains. This is safeguarded and transparently done with Cross-chain tools.

An example would be a controlled bond on Dusk being used to collateralize a different platform, or a stablecoin reserve can change chains without losing compliance.

Compliant On-Chain Finance The Future.
Dusk is based on a simple fact that a regulated finance can flourish on a publicly-blockchain when it is properly designed. Privacy, rules and governance should be inherent rather than an after-thought.
Dusk will create an authentic on-chain financial market through licensing, partnerships, and a wise design. The success would facilitate the provision of bonds, shares, funds, and stablecoins.
The most challenging one is adoption. Issuers should have the confidence in the platform, investors should feel safe and regulators should embrace such a model. In a harmonious situation, Dusk might take centre stage in the next generation finance.
Dusk is not just any other blockchain, it is an experiment in combining regulation and public technology. The success or failure of it turning out to be a standard or a case study is determined by how well it achieves this vision, using active markets.
#Dusk @Dusk
$DUSK

The contemporary internet is based on information, but we seldom wonder how that information originates and who owns it. Videos and AI training sets contain photos which are streamed through centralized services retaining control and often generating money off our data. These conditions are associated with unseen dangers: biased training leads to AI, ad data is full of fraud, and the individuals that create it have practically no control over its usage. To compete with that model in 2025, Walrus appeared and created a decentralized storage and data availability protocol that views data as a first-class, programmable asset. Whereas the last networks such as Filecoin and Arweave were oriented towards archiving, Walrus connects storage with on-chain logic, and allows data to be verifiable and mutable, as well as privately owned and economically active. We explore further in this article the evolution of Walrus in 2025 2026, how it addresses data quality, privacy, decentralization and developer experience, and why companies such as Team Liquid already have hundreds of terabytes in it.

The quality of data is as good as the source of it is.

Walrus begins with a rudimentary conclusion: bad data breaks systems. It is estimated that 87 per cent of AI projects fail due to being trained on incorrect or unconfirmed data. Online advertisements waste nearly a third of the US 750 billion yearly outlay to fraud and inefficiency. Even such giants as Amazon ditched AI recruiting tools following the discovery of bias in the training set. Once we allow the data to accumulate in non-transparent systems and lack of provenance, we are opening ourselves to clandestine biases and manipulation. Walrus addresses this underlying issue by transforming every uploaded block into an on-chain object that has an immutable identity and audit trail. After a file has been uploaded, Walrus issues a Proof of Availability (PoA) certificate on the Sui blockchain; smart contracts can then make subsequent queries to the certificate to ensure that the data does not disappear and has not been corrupted. This process provides cryptography evidence to the developers and regulators on the origin of the dataset and its manipulator. Verifiable data in AI and digital ad world can eliminate costly audits and instill trust.

Personally, in the process of my own research of the Walrus docs, I was impressed by how the team focuses on data provenance. Each blob is assigned a distinct ID based on its contents and any changes on data are displayed in on-chain metadata. It implies that AI engineers will be able to reference the specific training set that was used to fine-tune a model, advertisers will be able to cryptographically verify every impression occurred, and DeFi protocols will be able to tokenize data as collateral. Rather than relying on the black-box datasets blindly, apps developed on Walrus can be proven out, leading to compliant AI, healthy adtech and verifiable data markets.

Storages to verifiable assets.

The data is treated as on-chain objects, therefore Walrus transforms storage as a passive expense into an active resource. Smart contracts can be written to ensure that people can access a file, how long it lives, whether it can be deleted, and the flow of payment to other people. This forms the basis of programmable data marketplaces in which individuals have the ability to sell their datasets whilst retaining control. Walrus has touched controlled mutability, unlike networks which consider files as an immutable archive, where the user can modify or erase their data, yet the history of transactions remains immutable. It is paramount to businesses in the healthcare, finance and advertising industries that must adhere to privacy requirements and still adjust their datasets in the long run. The close functionality of the Sui blockchain with the protocol allows other chains to connect to Walrus to store data by SDKs, including Solana and Ethereum. Information therefore turns into a programmable, interoperable and composable resource throughout Web3.

The best example of this change is the use of digital advertisements. The adtech company Alkimi logs all the impressions, bid and payment on Walrus, which allows advertisers to check transactions and combat fraud. Since Walrus logs every single event as a verifiable object with cryptographic proofs, Alkimi will be able to provide transparent reporting and even tokenize future ad revenue in DeFi. Similarly, AdFi leverages Walrus to convert tested ad money into collateral on the chain, whereas AI developers row training sets with validated provenance to avoid bias. These applications demonstrate how the design of Walrus allows the data to leave the storage and be converted into monetizable and reliable assets.

Seal privacy and access Control.

There is two sides of transparency. Web3 is fond of open data, but much of the applications require privacy. As a remedy to that, Walrus released Seal, an on-chain encryption and access control layer. Seal allows developers to encrypt their blobs and assign specific rules, such as what wallet address or NFT holder can access the information and read it, which is entirely reinforced by smart contracts. That is why Walrus is the first decentralized storage network that has native privacy controls.

Seal unveils new types of apps. The proprietary training data can be distributed to AI dataset marketplaces, which prevent access by the paying customers, allowing the data providers to make a profit without relinquishing control. Verified subscribers can only access encrypted podcasts or videos delivered by token-gated media services. On-chain games display pieces of the story or assets on achieving specific milestones by players. Existing partners such as Inflectiv (data platforms based on AI), Vendetta (strategy games entirely on-chain), TensorBlock (AI infrastructure), OneFootball (sports media), and Watrfall (film studio funded by fans are already developing on Seal. Walrus combines verifiability and privacy and allows developers to develop complex enterprise-scale data workflows on a public blockchain.

Decentralizing at scale.

Decentralized networks usually become centralized with time as they expand, since a small number of operators accumulate control and decision making. Walrus addresses the issue of scaling paradox directly. Staking WAL to independent storage nodes causes users to distribute the stake among many operators, by default. Rewards are compensated on quantifiable uptime and reliability with smaller nodes competing with larger nodes. Underperformers get cut, part of the stake is slashed and movement of stakes fast attracts punishment. Control is spread by having token holders vote on governance decisions such as the parameters of the network to use or penalties. These design options maintain the distribution of power even with the constantly increasing datasets that Walrus processes and balance economics and decentralization.

I believe that this style is extremely refreshing.
Many networks discuss the concept of decentralization and still allow a small group of individuals to own the majority stake. Walrus combines performance based rewards and slashing with delegation to ensure that the decentralization is not merely a buzzword. Even the fact that fast stake shuffling is punishable as a way of discouraging quick vote rigging is an indication of how the protocol was constructed with long-term resiliency.

Optimizing all file sizes: Quilt

Not every data is slurred in gigabytes. Millions of tiny files are created as a result of chat messages, NFT metadata, sensor data and AI logs. Until Walrus introduced Quilt, devs needed to bundle such files manually so as not to pay the cost of storing each file separately. Quilt provides you with a batch storage API that is native to Walrus, and packs a bunch of small files into one. That saves money by more than 100x when it comes to 100KB files and over 400x when it comes to 10KB files, yet retains ownership and access control on a per-file basis. Quilt has been used to process large volumes of small files in projects, such as Tusky, privacy-first storage, and Gata, an AI infra provider. Quilt enables Walrus to serve social applications, AI conversational bots, dynamic NFT collections and other regions that require large amounts of data.

As a developer, Quilt seems to be a natural extension of the design of Walrus: your storage can be optimized without violating the code. You simply invoke a simple API and the protocol bundles the logic instead of having to rewrite logic and then copy it into batch files. That liberates teams to pay attention to the user experience, but still enjoy the benefits of decentralized and verifiable storage.

Less burdensome on developers: Upload Relay and SDK upgrade.

Decentralised infrastructure survives or perishes through the adoption of developers. Indeed, in July 2025 Walrus released a massive TypeScript SDK release that introduced the Upload Relay to effortlessly upload data. Already, the network contained more than 758TB of information on tons of projects, and the Walrus bounty at ETHGlobal attracted over 35 submissions of projects. To maintain the momentum, the Upload Relay is used as a high-speed lane, which does the encoding and sharding activities in the background thus uploading is faster and more dependable on unreliable mobile networks. The developers are permitted to manage their own relay or tap into community operators; it always performs end-to-end validation of uploads such that you do not need to rely on a third party. An SDK upgrade was also the addition of native support of Quilt and a single WalrusFile API which made it easy to both integrate big and small files.

The important lesson that I learn about the SDK upgrade in my case is that Walrus cares about the experience of the dev. The protocol reduces the barriers of entry by eliminating a number of moving parts and allowing wallets to upload files directly. The same can be seen with the success of the Sui Overflow hackathon, in which the programmable storage track produced four winning Walrus projects, the builders were motivated and experimented as fast as they could get used to the tools.

Application in practice in industries.

Walrus is not merely a theory, but actually supporting literal workloads in entertainment, advertising, healthcare, AI and gaming. Team Liquid, an esport giant, sold an esports match footage and brand content package consisting of 250 TB to Walrus in January 2026. The transformation eliminated points of failure and made the archive on-chain, which can be converted into documentaries or fans-engagement tools. The management of Team Liquid applauded the upgrade to render content easily accessible, secure, as well as open up additional money-making opportunities. Such a high-profile drop is an indication that Walrus is capable of processing enterprise-scale data with a stable performance and reliability.

In addition to esports, 2025 year-in-review featured dozens of projects: CUDIS allows users to manage their health data; Alkimi is a company that checks whether all transactions are valid within minutes, DLP Labs allows EV drivers to earn money with carbon credits, Talus creates an autonomous AI agent, and Myriad is a prediction market where all the transactions are recorded on Walrus. New entrants continue to appear: OneFootball relies on Walrus and Seal to manage the rights to its content, the film studio Watrfall is also experimenting with fan-funded distribution, and TensorBlock acquires AI models and memory. All these diverse applications demonstrate that Walrus is not a competitor to filecoin or Arweave, but rather it supplements current storage by targeting dynamic and programmable data.

Economics and the WAL token
The WAL token is used to run the Walrus economy. During the mainnet launch, there were 5 billion WAL, 10 percent of which was designated to be given to communities. Over 60 percent of tokens are distributed to the community in airdrops, reserves and subsidies. Users pay WAL initially to have access and storage and stream payments are paid in the long run to storage nodes and stakers. The protocol is deflationary so that incentives are aligned and every transaction burns a slice of WAL decreasing supply and increasing scarcity. The network also intends to allow individuals to pay in USD to stabilize the price as burning WAL on the side. Delegated staking ensures network security and confer governance rights to the holders whereas performance-based rewards and slashing ensure bad actors are kept away. The objective of this model is to ensure that the costs of storage are predictable to the users and at the same time the long term participation is rewarded.
As a community stakeholder, I like that Walrus views tokenomics as a service budget and not a gamble. Payments remain independent of the volatility of tokens since it is prepaid and streamed and burning so that as the network expands WAL becomes more rare. This combination with wide distribution prevents the concentration of wealth and aligns the user, operator and developer interests.
Looking ahead: 2026 and beyond
The milestones of 2025 of Walrus preconditioned the future of data. It is intended to make Walrus feel easy, privacy by default, and go deeper into the Sui stack. Hundreds of terabytes in millions of blobs are already saved in the network, but the objective is even greater: to make a decentralized, verifiable, and personal data the first option a developer will use with any application. As enterprise adoption gains momentum and applications such as Seal, Quilt and Upload Relay become pain-free, Walrus will become an essential aspect of the infrastructure of AI, gaming, media and DeFi.
In retrospect to what I wrote about my research, I believe that Walrus goes beyond being a storage project, it is a trust layer to the data economy. With a combination of provenance which can be easily verified, control which can be programmed, privacy, decentralization and smart economics, Walrus transforms data into an asset that can be owned, shared and monetized safely.
$WAL
#Walrus @WalrusProtocol

Crypto continues to face a mere challenge on its way to the mainstream. The thing is not about charges, speed, or regulation, but the fact that average users do not wish to play around with secret words and gas tokens to spend money.

This is why, studying Plasma (XPL), the technical name stablecoin -native chain is the most captivating narrative. The product shift is the story: Plasma strives to bring the sensation of a modern money app to the self-sovereign and open settlement.

In the event that Plasma is successful, the victory is not a one-featured feature. The victory lies in the fact that users no longer feel that they are using crypto at all.

The thesis: scalability of stablecoins will be achieved once wallets cease to behave like engineering instruments.

Traditional finance does not involve teaching a person how a payment network works. You provide them with a button marked Send. You do not request them to purchase a different asset to send some money. You do not get them to keep a masterkey composed of 12 words stored on paper. You do not instruct them to make another attempt at transfer when the network becomes congested.

Crypto turned them into a matter of normalcy since the first users were hobbyists. Stablecoins cease to be a hobby. They are turning to be the currency of millions of people. It implies that the interface will need to evolve.

The thesis of Plasma is quite straightforward: when stablecoins are supposed to act as dollars, the experience of the user must act as modern finance. That is concealing the difficult aspects, keeping them at bay, and at a disadvantage making them safer.

Gas is not an issue of fees; gas is a comprehension issue

Instead of perceiving gas as a cost, people continue to package it as such, yet the greater problem lies in that gas is puzzling.

Gas may be cheap but someone still must learn to use and carry it, handle it and to keep it in mind that it is there. That is the reason gas is problematic to actual adoption, not due to its high cost, but because a second currency that you have to learn. A second currency should not be necessary in a stablecoin application. The user already has digital dollars in his/her hands. They desire to spend in dollars and even think in dollars.

Plasma has a migration to that world through considering the ordinary action of a native token in the form of transfers of stablecoins to still be executed without compelling users to possess a gas token. It utilizes a paymaster and relayer pattern under the hood, but the important thing is the result of the product: it no longer seems to be a ritual to make a payment of stable coins.

Gasless can only be effective when it is well scoped and is immune to abuse.

There are numerous projects which are offering gasless transfer such as free magic. However, when all is free, somebody will attempt to break it. Free systems are a target of spam, bots and attacks.

Discipline is what I like about the approach by Plasma: the company does not attempt to make everything free. It will attempt to experience the most frequent stablecoin activity as frictionless, with guardrails.

The sponsorship will be defined to guide the transfer functions of stablecoins and the system will apply eligibility check and rate limits. It can pass as tedious fact, but it lies in the distinction between free as a marketing and free as a sustainable policy.

It is also at this point that Plasma will become a payments company. Fraud controls and abuse controls determine the survival or demise of payments companies. Cryptos tend to turn a blind eye until it ensures their pain. The controls seem to be inbuilt in the design by Plasma.

The crypto wallet, and the actual apps are connected by account abstraction, which is a still behind-the-scenes component.

The vast majority of casual users do not have to be aware of what its name is, but they will experience its effects: account abstraction enables wallets to behave more like applications: with more intelligent signing, more powerful recovery features, sponsored fees, and safer workflows.

The stack of plasma is based on the contemporary smart account standards. This is important since it will enable the wallets of stablecoins to be simplified without compromising security. This is what makes a wallet be able to sponsor a payment, group of actions or safer rules without making the user a blockchain engineer.

To have families, workers, merchants, and small businesses utilize stablecoins, you must have wallets that feel like fintech apps, yet settle on open rails.

The intermediary is account abstraction. Plasma construction is taking place near such a bridge.

The largest emotional hindrance in crypto is the seed phrase.

Ask an average person what he is afraid of about crypto and you would hear a variant of: What would happen to the loss of it?

Fear typically points to a single issue which is seed phrases.

A seed phrase would make sense to the cryptographers, but to most users it seems like securing a single sheet of paper that will ruin their financial life should they lose it or have it stolen. It is not a mainstream security model that is a survival game.

That is why Plasma One is not only a card product. It is a story of the UX philosophy: transferring self-custody out of the frail human memory and storing it in impeccable, radical machines.

Plasma One has an argument in favor of hardware-based keys instead of seed phrases, and app-style security features, instant card freeze, spend limits, real-time notifications. That mix matters. It informs users: you are in charge and there is nothing to be afraid of.

That is the way the self-custody becomes normal.

In the real world, the stablecoins are safe to spend.

In crypto freedom is the buzzword of crypto people. In conventional money, and they go mad over control.

Safety control, and not censorship control.

When you lose your card you freeze it. In case of fraud, alerts are emitted. You establish spending limits in case you are risk averse. These aren’t “nice features.” They are the features, which make people comfortable with the usage of money tools in the daily life.

Plasma accepts such a reality. It develops stablecoin rails capable of integrating into the real-world controls and compliance requirements, but maintains the settlement layer open and programmable.

That blend is rare. You usually are left with either pure crypto which frightens ordinary users or pure fintech which deprives the user of control. Plasma attempts to patch the finest to its fabric.

Their payment stack is distributed by licensing, not a technical aspect.

The ecosystem adoption is what many crypto projects can only think of. Plasma reasons distributionally.

A payments stack is licensable so that each of your end users does not necessarily have to learn of Plasma directly. Way to reach users is by partners who already have customers and already understand how to work in regulated markets.

This is a grown‑up approach. It views stablecoin rails as something that can be integrated and not a name that people should yell.

It is also aligned with the essence, since in case Plasma wants the stablecoins to become everyday money, they should be going through the avenues that everyday money is circulating.

The most positive aspect about this story is that it is optimistic in a realistic manner.

I prefer this wallet-and-UX angle because I find it not to be hype. It is not the slogans about the future of finance. It’s practical.

It understands why individuals are not adopting crypto: bewildering charges, frightening key management, ineffective safety measures, and excessively high responsibility on the user.

And it provides answers to those problems: make the stablecoins easy to transmit, hard to mishandle, and safe to operate, but do not transform them into a closed system.

What success looks like

Plasma is not going to be successful with a viral chart.

It looks like this:

One gets stablecoins and is able to use them without acquiring gas.
A small company does not even have to create an office of crypto support and can pay people.
A user is able to control their money without a nightmare of seed-phrase.
A wallet is a regular finance application, which resolves on open rails.
Couples do not have to recreate compliance and security to drop stablecoin payments.

Delivering that by Plasma will not make it a mere stablecoin chain. It will be a component of the silent upgrade that transforms stablecoins into a crypto thing to a threadbare money thing.

#plasma @Plasma
$XPL

Cryto is full of utility tokens, though most of them have an issue that no one wants to say out-loud: the token is not actually needed to what people claim to want. You can speculate when you are not using the product and you can use the product when you do not think about the token. That puts a disjuncture between what networks construct and what the market appreciates.

The most differentiating narrative that Vanar is currently trying to bridge into something simple and Web 2 friendly is its attempt at a paid usage based model. It is not one pay and you can use the intelligence layer, but multiple times. This architecture transforms Vanar into a paid stack, with the token being more of a service key than a meme chip.

The replacement: gas token to access token

In most of the networks, the primary role of the token is payment of gas. The demand increases only when it is in use, and the token may be considered a nuisance since the user would want to have the least possible. The largest contributor to the value of the product is out of the token, rendering the token a toll booth.

Vanar does the reverse of it with its Neutron and Kayon layers and the products constructed over them. Simple operations remain forecastable and straightforward and advanced features such as more comprehensive indexing, increased query capacity, sophisticated reasoning, and enterprise quality intelligence processes become a paid service that needs VANRY. That is to say that the token is a ticket to the most valuable sections of the stack.

This is an insidious act which alters the economics. When the stack is valuable, the demand is not only related to the market hype or a single fee, but to a repeated usage such as the subscription.

This is why subscription logic would be a better fit to Vanar than the majority of chains.

Subscriptions are typical in the software industry, but only in crypto, when the product is something that people can use repeatedly. The company has made its main products all about repetition: ask questions, extract insights, index documents, refresh memory, execute checks, and have agents work around the clock.

The paid model is analogous to the natural behavior of the product. It is not that you can use intelligence once and stop using it. It is used on a daily basis by teams, and it is used every hour by agents. This trend in demand ensures that recurring payment is not artificial.

The more profound motive of this is psychological. Citizens can afford to pay monthly in something that saves time, less risky or better decisions. They despise random, unexpected prices. Vanar expects to maintain the base layer as predictable and price the upper layer as a service offering.

It is metering, not marketing that is actually invented.

Metering is the difficult aspect of subscription on-chain. Simply stated: how do you measure use, fairly charge and not make the system a mind-boggling shamble?

In the majority of crypto projects, usage cannot be measured due to a noisy on-chain data and fragmented apps. The stack created by Vanar leads to something that is more quantifiable: memory objects, query operations, reasoning cycles and workflow automation. These are far less difficult to count than abstract eco system growth.

This is the point on which Vanar begins to resemble a cloud platform. Cloud services work well in the sense that they specify what you have consumed: storage, computer, queries, bandwidth. When Vanar can make the use of Neutron and Kayon uniquely quantifiable, then it will be able to price intelligence in the same manner that cloud services price compute.

When pricing is quantified, then it can be controlled. Teams can budget. Businesses can sanction expenditure. Builders can also create products with overheads to their business model rather than believing that fees will remain low.

Why this might generate earned demand.

Majority of the tokens attempt to generate demand with enthusiasm. A service token tries to generate necessity demand.

In case the developer wishes to create a product that is dependent on Vanar intelligence layer, i.e., the value of the product is based on querying, reasoning, or indexing, the developer should treat VANRY as a service and not an asset. The same applies to businesses: they need the token as much as they need API credits, in case the product is included in their working process.

This adoption bears a different appearance. It is less noisy, less rapid but more lasting as it is associated with actual action. During bear markets people continue to purchase cloud credits because it has to continue running. This reasoning may be relevant to the stack of Vanar assuming that it is sticky enough.

Vanar is also compelled to be responsible by the service token model.

Few years on story can keep a chain running. A subscription product is not able. In the case of users who are paying on a monthly basis, the product has to be stable, useful and constantly improving. That puts a strain on actual performance.

This is why I like this angle. It is an indication of Vanar transitioning to we have tech to we have a business loop. Such a loop requires uptime, transparent pricing, support, documentation, and predictability, which spur maturity.

It also makes the value more candidly discussed. Rather than focusing on what the token can be, we begin questioning what services people are willing to pay for and why? That is what solemn products reply.

The threat: the subscriptions may be rented, in case the value is not evident.

There is also a danger. Unless the users feel strongly valued, the subscription model can work against it should it be implemented before the users develop a strong attachment. Users hate the experience of being rented, particularly in crypto space in which many users are already nickel-and-dimed.

So Vanar should exercise caution in access staging. Clean method is uncomplicated, maintain a free, generous tier to demonstrate the value, and charge scale, depth and enterprise requirements. Subscriptions are just when users charge real results such as clean audit trails, faster decisions and less errors. When they pay in order to access what they deem to be basic, then it will be friction.

The significance of this angle in the next 18 months.

When zoomed out, Vanar places itself as a stack with a number of layers that can be bundled as products: consumer tools, business intelligence tools, and builder tooling. That provides multiple avenues of revenue and multiple ways of demand of VANRY.

This is important as most L1s have the problem of monotony. They are based on a single driver which is the trading activity. When that is slowed everything slows. A second driver is added in the form of subscription loop: service usage. It makes the motives of people to be diversified.

Once a project brings in numerous real reasons to be, then it becomes more difficult to eliminate it as a fad.
Summary: Vanar is attempting to commodify the notion of intelligence and make it purchasable and affordable.

At the moment, the most distinctive approach to thinking about Vanar is not the AI chain, or fast chain. It is a paid intelligence stack in which the token is made a service credential.

When this is done effectively by Vanar, it transforms the emotional connection that people had with the token. VANRY ceases being a token of hope that people hold and becomes a token of work run through it that people hold. That is a harder path. It involves actual product discipline.

However, should they peel it off, then it will be one of the few crypto models capable of transforming real use into a recursive economic system and in such a manner that makes it feel earned.

#Vanar
$VANRY @Vanar

Users of blockchains are frequently trained to believe that the idea of decentralization consists of sharing computation and storage. However, in the case of actual financial markets, the information will have to be credible in a manner that extends much further than the standard oracle feeds. Markets require more than prices but official data that has been validated and audited that can be trusted by institutions, exchanges and regulators as a source of truth. In 2025 -2026, Dusk Network is unobtrusively being used as one of the rare protocols where regulated market data is being published on -chain as a first-class infrastructure component. It is an in-depth examination of how that is occurring, why it is important and what it means to the future of capital markets on blockchains.

Converting formal Market Data into Programmable Infrastructure.

In the majority of blockchains, data oracles are used as external utilities. Their pricing is based on a combination of crowd source and consumer API, which is acceptable when it comes to DeFi tokens or price aggregators. However, institutional markets need another type of data high- integrity feeds of authorized venues, which can withstand compliance and audit requirements. Dusk, working with NPEX (a regulated exchange with licence), has now passed through mere price oracles. They are officializing exchange grade financial data on-chain in real time by adopting Chainlink DataLink and Chainlink Data Streams standards. This data is provable, unlike generic crowdsourced feeds, in that a smart contract can use it with the same degree of confidence as a settlement system in TradFi would. It is not simply putting money into a contract. It implies that a smart contract on Dusk may call on verified trade data published directly by a regulated venue, and reference is as strong, auditable and authoritative as the conventional market infrastructure.

The need to use official data in the real markets.

Suppose there is a situation when an institutional investor wishes to redeem a bond on -chain. It should be more than merely a price expressed in the oracle, it should be the official closing price of a regulated market or exchange. Any imbalance would lead to compliance breakdowns or worst, litigations. The fact that Dusk has adopted institutional data standards implies:

1. Exchange level price feeds with low-latency are accessible on-chain.
2. The end to end regulatory provenance is established.
3. Smart contracts are able to operate on data with the same confidence that institutions in off-chain systems have. With this type of model the blockchain is no longer a settlement layer but rather a trusted data surface on which regulated financial activity can be carried out, such as derivatives settlement, auditing ready trade execution, and time stamped transaction history that can be trusted by institutions without needing third party mediators.

Where Dusk Compares with the Typical Oracle Models.

An oracle, in the majority of blockchain ecosystems, retrieves aggregate prices of a combination of exchanges. This is okay with decentralized markets where rough data is not expensive. However, in institutional markets, the price of mistake is high: a mispriced security may create legal liability, false valuations, and infractions. The entry of Dusk is different since it considers official exchange data to be a first-class asset. The network does not only consume information in the form of oracles but rather it is evolving into a data publisher. Dusk and NPEX have also indicated they will publish regulated market data on the exchange directly on-chain using Chainlink DataLink standard. This has the effect of ensuring that the exchange itself is a certified source of data on the blockchain not merely an issuer of market prices through an intermediary. In practice, smart contract data is not only good enough to support DeFi, but it reflects the data used in institutional systems in their respective settlement engines and databases that determine prices.

Why On-Chain Official Data is a breakthrough in tokenized financial products.

This needs high-integrity data to Regulated financial assets (i.e. tokenized bonds, securities and institutional funds) need high integrity data.
– The identification of settlement value,
Calculation of dividends and yield,
Through instigating business behavior,
– Facilitating the reporting of compliance and audit logs.
Dusk incorporates official data streams in such a way that smart contracts will execute all these functions automatically and the regulators can check the process.
The data in the regulatory contracts can be integrated rather than reconciled post factum. This transformation transforms the processes of the market:
1- Settlement is both automated and valid jurisdictionally.
The audit trails are verifiable and coded.
2- Pricing can be checked all the way to licensed exchanges.
This bridges an enormous credibility divide between conventional finance and decentralized settlement layers.
Not Crypto Hype Only but Institutional Confidence.
In a world where institutions are doubtful of blockchain data sources, the move by Dusk to adopt regulated data feeds is timely since many of these data sources lack the reliability to be subject to regulatory abuse or litigation. Published on-chain data that is issued by a licensed exchange has legal implications. Most blockchain oracles are concerned mostly with decentralisation and redundancy, whereas Dusk is concerned with provenance, auditability, and source integrity, the same criteria applied by auditors, regulators, and custodians in the conventional finance.
Due to this, Dusk goes beyond being a private blockchain; it is a protocol where official financial data is a first-class asset class, which goes beyond generic oracle solutions.
Interoperable Markets and the Future of Cross-Chain Data.
Chainlink CCIP (Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol) is also applied in Dusk along with DataLink. It enables the publication of official prices on Dusk and spreading it to several blockchains, viz. Ethanol, Solana, etc. and maintaining the regulatory signature through which credibility can be ensured.
As an example, a tokenized security on Dusk which must be cleared on Ethereum and would require price data can use CCIP+ DataLink to access the same proven feed everywhere in the ecosystems so that the provenance is the same everywhere. This tendency might also create a strong trend in the regulated on-chain markets, where reliable data that can be audited is moved with assets, not only tokens.
The impact of this on the story of Oracles.
Conventionally, oracles connect blockchains and external data. They have to go beyond bridging in regulated markets, which they have to anchor data to reflect the authority of centralised sources like exchanges, clearinghouses, or custodians. The integration of Dusk and Chainlink makes the oracle an on-chain authoritative data publisher, as opposed to its use as a consumer of data.
It is not a technical gimmick, but the foundation of automation in finance that is legally permissible. A trade that is settled by a contract using on-chain data must stand up to legal standards: that is, it must be not only decentralised but also defensible.
Another New Type of Blockchain Infrastructure.
The effect of this approach is a novel form of blockchain infrastructure in which:
1- High integrity, official information is not a second-hand citizen.
2- Smart contracts are capable of doing what the law considers as true, rather than technically being certain.
3- Regulated markets and auditors are ultimately both operating on one, on-chain source of truth.
Settlement and custody have long been considered the subject of blockchains and traditional finance debate. The actual point of bottleneck is confidence data. It is the only way that smart contracts can be able to completely replace legacy systems. The most recent work of Dusk suggests the direction of filling in that gap.

Conclusion: The Data as Infrastructure.
The initial blockchain wave had been the decentralisation of computation and custody. The following wave will be decentralisation of truth- verifiable, official data, data that institutions can trust. Dusk is also designed with a special place to place official market data as a protocol-level resource, as opposed to an optional add-on.
This not just allows regulated DeFi but it also provides regulated, auditable, legally defendable on-chain finance.
Statements that real markets and not crypto theorists alone can now take seriously.
#Dusk @Dusk
$DUSK