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The security of transactions on Ethereum is based on asymmetric cryptography and decentralized consensus. Each transaction is protected by public and private keys, ensuring authenticity and integrity. Attempts to modify transactions require controlling more than 51% of the network (51% attack), which is economically unfeasible due to decentralization and computational costs.

Main risks and protections:

Phishing and fraud: Hackers seek credentials through deception, but the secure custody of private keys mitigates this risk.

Vulnerabilities in smart contracts: Errors in code (as in the case of The DAO in 2016) can be exploited, but audits and rigorous testing are essential to prevent them.

Sybil or routing attacks: The network resists through distributed consensus and validation by multiple nodes.

The immutability of the blockchain and the use of the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) ensure that transactions are executed as programmed, with mechanisms such as the gas limit to prevent abuse. However, final security also depends on user practices (key management) and the quality of code in decentralized applications.