#交易心理学 Impact**
- **On the United States**:
- **Increased Consumer Costs**: American think tanks estimate that household annual spending will increase by about $1,300.
- **Pressure on Businesses**: Companies relying on Chinese supply chains face rising costs, and some industries (such as agriculture) are affected by China's retaliatory tariffs.
- **On China**:
- **Export Resilience**: Exports to the U.S. continue to grow, but some low value-added industries are shifting to Southeast Asia.
- **Accelerated Industrial Upgrading**: Domestic substitution is advancing in high-tech fields (such as semiconductors).
- **Global Supply Chain**: Intensifies the trend of “de-risking,” with Southeast Asia and Mexico becoming alternative production capacity hubs.