A virtual machine (VM) is an execution environment that allows processing smart contracts and transactions within a blockchain.
Think of it as a virtual computer that runs on the blockchain network, where programs are executed in a decentralized and secure manner.
🔑 Key points:
Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM):
It is the most well-known. It allows smart contracts written in languages like Solidity to run on the Ethereum network and on many compatible blockchains (called EVM compatible).
Main function:
Execute the instructions of a smart contract without relying on a single computer, as the entire network (the nodes) validates and reproduces the same result.
Advantages:
Decentralization → does not rely on a central server.
Security → all nodes verify that the result is correct.
Compatibility → contracts work on different blockchains that use the same virtual machine.
Examples of virtual machines in crypto:
EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) → used in Ethereum, BNB Chain, Polygon, Avalanche, Fantom, etc.
WASM (WebAssembly) → used in blockchains like Polkadot and NEAR.
Move VM → used in Aptos and Sui.
In summary:
A virtual machine in blockchain is the engine that executes smart contracts and ensures that everyone on the network receives the same result, ensuring trust without intermediaries.
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