What the Bank of England’s decision to cut its main interest rate by 25 basis points to 4% means for the markets.
Market & Economic Implications
1.Policy Context & Significance:
This cut brings the base rate to its lowest level since March 2023 and marks the fifth reduction in a year. It also required an unprecedented second round of voting, reflecting deep divisions within the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) amid mixed economic signals.
Inflation remains stubbornly high 3.6% in June—with forecasts now predicting a peak of 4% in September, and a return to the 2% target only by mid‑2027. Governor Andrew Bailey reaffirmed a cautious tone, acknowledging continued rate cuts but underlining uncertainty in the outlook.
2. Currency, Bond, & Equity Markets:
Sterling (GBP) strengthened immediately, rising to around $1.34, while euro exchange rates weakened. Despite the rate cut, two-year gilt yields ticked higher, suggesting markets are adjusting expectations that further cuts may be limited. The FTSE 100 dipped by about 0.7%, reflecting investor caution amid uncertainty over growth prospects.
3. Borrowers & Households:
Tracker and variable-rate mortgage holders about 590,000 homeowners will see immediate savings. For instance, a typical balance of ~£140,000 could translate into monthly savings of £30. However, since the majority around 85% of mortgages are fixed-rate, most borrowers won’t benefit right away. Mortgage pricing will not shift substantially for fixed deals, as current rates already incorporate expectations of future rate cuts.
4. Savers & Pensioners:
Savers face tougher times, interest on savings accounts is likely to fall further, reducing real returns even before accounting for inflation and taxes. Pensioners relying on annuities may see lower income as annuity rates fall alongside government bond yields.
In conclusion, the BoE’s rate cut is a calculated attempt to support a weakening economy boosting borrowers, signaling easing policy, and bolstering sterling while still grappling with persistent inflation and internal disagreements. Future cuts remain possible but far from guaranteed.