Trump’s tariffs could spell trouble for the Bitcoin mining industry and derail plans to turn the U.S. into a mining hub, as U.S. mining firms are scrambling to adapt to rising costs and disrupted supply chains.
The U.S. bitcoin mining industry is bracing for significant turbulence as President Trump’s administration has imposed a wave of steep reciprocal import tariffs on mining hardware from key Southeast Asian markets.
The new measures, which were finalized on July 31, target countries that are central to the global supply chain for ASICs and could derail the president’s efforts to turn the U.S. into a global mining hub.
Trump’s tariffs threaten U.S. Bitcoin mining momentum
The tariffs, effective August 7, impose a 19% reciprocal duty on mining rigs imported from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, resulting in a total levy of 21.6%. The imposition follows the expiration of the 90-day tariff pause announced in April under Trump’s “Liberation Day” trade reset.
While these rates are lower than earlier proposals of up to 50%, they represent a steep increase from the pre-Trump standard U.S. import duty of 2.6%.
According to Ethan Vera, the COO of the Bitcoin mining infrastructure firm, Luxor Technology, the new tariffs are already reducing the demand from U.S.-based miners.
“At 21.6% tariffs, the U.S. is now one of the least competitive jurisdictions to bring machines in,” according to Vera. He added that mining companies are increasingly looking to Canada and other countries with more favorable import regimes.
U.S. tariffs on China remain unchanged for now. A 10% reciprocal tariff remains in place through August 12, as well as a 20% premium specifically for China, totaling 57.6% on imports. This rate is well below the initially proposed 145%.
Back in May, Vera warned that the U.S. could lose its edge as a top mining destination if tariffs are fully applied across the sector’s global supply chain.
“Russia is likely to be the main beneficiary,” he noted, citing the country’s access to cheaper hardware and the growing Chinese capital investment. Other markets such as Canada, Northern Europe, Brazil, and Paraguay are also expected to attract fresh mining capital fleeing the U.S.
In response, Luxor continues to advocate for Bitcoin mining ASICs to receive special tariff exemptions, similar to those granted to imports under HTSUS 8471, which covers computers, laptops, and servers.
Vera emphasized that such treatment would be in line with the Trump administration’s campaign pledge to support domestic bitcoin mining.
U.S. miners are exploring onshore partnerships
Luxor Technology is helping its clients to secure equipment through new onshore partnerships, including a domestic production deal with Chinese rig manufacturer MicroBT.
Vera noted that major ASIC producers are actively working to expand U.S.-based manufacturing to offer cost-effective solutions for American miners. However, these efforts won’t be enough to plug the immediate gap.
“Final assembly in the U.S. is possible today,” Vera said, “but the raw materials and components largely come from Asia.” As a result, even U.S.-assembled machines carry higher costs. He estimates it could take years before a fully domesticated ASIC supply chain is realized.
In the short term, Vera expects these machines to appreciate by more than 20% as import tariffs will drive demand for locally available alternatives.
BitFuFu’s CEO Leo Lu told The Block that U.S.-based miners can still maintain competitive margins thanks to low-cost, increasingly renewable energy in states like Oklahoma, Texas, and Colorado. BitFuFu says it is building out local partnerships to mitigate the impact of tariffs while expanding its U.S. presence.
As the global hashpower landscape begins to shift and machine flows reroute to more favorable jurisdictions, the U.S. Bitcoin mining sector could face a prolonged period of stagnation — unless further policy accommodations are made.
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