Multi-layer Staking Structure: LA and Dual Roles of Delegator/Validator
Layer 0: Validator Main Staking
• Nodes must lock LA on ValidatorPool.stake(minStake) to qualify for validation.
• Each validation round reorders the top N nodes based on VRF, ensuring delegation power rotation and preventing oligarchy.
• Nodes that do not meet the minimum online rate (>95%) will trigger autoSlash(), automatically deducting 25% of the stake and forcing exit from this round.
Layer 1: Delegator Secondary Staking
• Regular token holders can delegate (amount) to specific Validators to share commissions.
• The contract settles LA to Delegators each block based on profit × (1 – fee).
• If a Validator is Slashed, Delegators bear 70% of the penalty proportionally, while the remaining 30% is absorbed by the Validator to prevent mindless delegation.
Variable Fee Rate (fee)
Validators can adjust their retained commission within the range of 0–20%; adjustments take effect after a FeeDelayWindow of 24 hours to avoid immediate price hikes after temptation.
Dynamic APR Adjustment
The contract automatically updates APR based on total network Σstake:
APR = base × (target / Σstake)^(1/2)
The higher the total stake, the lower the annualized interest rate, encouraging new funds to spread to higher yield long-tail nodes.
Exit Mechanism
• Delegators must wait for a complete epoch (approximately 48 hours) to withdraw stake, during which LA remains locked;
• Validators must ensure that all Delegators have exited before withdrawing stake; otherwise, they enter the SafeExit process, with the insurance pool covering the Delegator's share first.
Governance Relation
• Unstaked individuals have no voting rights, ensuring continuous participation to influence the protocol.
• Proposals must receive support votes amounting to 2% of the total staked amount to enter the voting window, preventing spam proposals.
• Timelock of 72 hours after proposal execution, with on-chain announcements being traceable.
This dual-layer staking model allows LA to simultaneously function in the dimensions of "safety, yield, governance," while addressing common issues of centralization and fraud in delegated networks through dynamic APR and anti-dragging mechanisms.