The U.S. House of Representatives has passed Trump's largest legislative package since he returned to the White House after nearly 24 hours of tense negotiations and internal struggles.
With 218 votes in favor and 214 against, the 887-page bill focuses on extending the 2017 tax cut policy along with defense, immigration, and social support reform policies.
MAIN CONTENT
The dramatic vote in the House with a narrow victory for Trump's massive legislative package.
The deep divisions within the Republican Party over Medicaid cuts and energy policy.
The bill is expected to be signed by Trump on July 4, coinciding with Independence Day.
How was Trump's legislative package passed by the House?
According to information from Politico, House Speaker Mike Johnson spent the entire Wednesday lobbying and negotiating with Republican factions to ensure enough votes to pass the bill. The final vote was very close at 218-214, with the majority of votes in favor coming from the Republican Party.
The bill was then sent to the White House for President Trump to sign, expected on July 4 during the celebration with military aircraft displays in the sky. This move marks Trump's biggest policy victory since returning to the White House.
How was the legislative package built and what are its main contents?
The 887-page bill was drafted over more than six months, focusing on extending the 2017 tax cut law – a key tax policy during Trump’s presidency. Additionally, it includes increased defense spending, tightening immigration policies, while cutting many social welfare programs to balance a $4 trillion tax cut.
Why does the legislative package cause deep divisions within the Republican Party?
The opposition mainly comes from changes added by the Senate, including deep cuts to Medicaid, faster elimination of renewable energy tax incentives, and increasing the budget deficit by hundreds of billions compared to the House draft. This has created divisions within the party, as conservative members are upset about increased spending, while moderate politicians worry about excessive cuts to Medicaid.
This creates prolonged disagreement leading a faction in the House to almost unanimously oppose the bill.
Russ Vought, Director of the White House Budget, 2025, Politico
According to the Congressional Budget Office, the bill will increase the number of uninsured people by up to 11.8 million by 2034, which has been vehemently opposed by the Democrats.
How did the long debate and delay tactics of the Democrats unfold?
Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries delivered a nearly 9-hour speech criticizing the bill for its scale and impact, especially concerning the deep cuts to Medicaid. He also accused activities of 'hidden voting under the cover of darkness' aimed at swiftly passing the bill.
"If the Republican Party is proud of this bill, why did they start the debate at 3:28 AM?" – Hakeem Jeffries, 2025.
Hakeem Jeffries, House Minority Leader, 2025, Politico
What impact does the legislative package have on the U.S. economy and politics in the future?
House Budget Committee Chairman Jodey Arrington committed that this will be "the largest tax cut in U.S. history," with hopes of creating more jobs, increasing wages, and attracting investment back to the country. However, many tax policies have been in place prior, while Medicaid cuts remain a significant point of contention.
The approval of the bill marks a significant turning point in U.S. financial and social policy, reflecting the complex struggle within the Republican Party.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What notable policies does this bill include? The bill focuses on extending the 2017 tax cuts, increasing defense spending, tightening immigration, and reducing social welfare budgets. Why is the bill controversial within the Republican Party? Due to the Senate adding deep Medicaid cuts and eliminating energy tax incentives, causing divisions among factions. How did the Democrats respond to the bill? The Democrats vehemently oppose it, accusing the bill of increasing the number of uninsured and negatively impacting social welfare programs. When will President Trump sign the bill? The bill is expected to be signed on July 4, Independence Day, according to House Speaker Mike Johnson. What are the long-term effects of the bill on the U.S. economy? It is expected to boost jobs and investment capital, but will also put pressure on Medicaid cuts and the budget deficit.
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