The "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" (OBBBA), also known as the "Big and Beautiful Act" or the "Beautiful Act", is a budget reconciliation bill proposed in the 119th Congress of the United States, covering multiple areas including taxes, spending, the debt ceiling, and immigration policy.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act was evenly split in the Senate at 50/50, with three Republican senators "defecting". Vance stepped in at a crucial moment, casting a decisive vote.