#USNationalDebt National debt is the total amount of money that a country’s government owes to creditors. It builds up when the government spends more money than it collects in revenue (like taxes), and it covers this gap by borrowing — usually through issuing government bonds.

In simple terms:

If a government earns ₹100 but spends ₹120, it borrows ₹20. Over time, these borrowings add up — that’s the national debt.

Who lends money to the government?

Other countries

Banks

Financial institutions

The country’s own citizens and companies (through buying government bonds)

Why do countries have debt?

To fund public services (like healthcare, education)

To pay for infrastructure (roads, railways, bridges)

To respond to crises (wars, pandemics, recessions)

If you tell me which country's debt you're curious about (for example, India or USA), I can give more details. Want me to?