#美国加征关税

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In April 2025, the United States announced a comprehensive imposition of two layers of tariffs on imported goods on "Liberation Day": a general tax rate of 10%, with an additional retaliatory tax rate of up to 145% on specific countries (such as China, Canada, Mexico, etc.), raising the average effective tariff rate to about 15%, a near-century high. This move aims to protect domestic manufacturing and compel trade partners to undertake structural reforms.

However, tariffs on steel and aluminum reaching 50% or more have led to a 9–15% increase in canned food prices, impacting low-income families and charitable organizations, with experts warning of a potential public safety crisis and corporate layoffs.

At the same time, China has responded with a 10% retaliatory tariff, putting pressure on the industrial chain, with rising costs affecting corporate investment and innovation capabilities. Congress estimates that if this tariff policy is maintained for 10 years, it could generate nearly $2.8 trillion for the federal government, but the GDP annual growth rate may decline by 0.3–0.5 percentage points, leading to increased unemployment.

In summary: The U.S. tariff increases protect domestic industries in the short term and boost government revenue, but they also bring inflationary pressures, higher living costs, and trade tensions. Investors and policymakers need to weigh the short- and long-term economic impacts to avoid negative consequences from excessive reliance on protectionism.