In anticipation of quantum threats, researchers and institutions are developing post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms designed to withstand quantum attacks. The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has been at the forefront, releasing the first three finalized PQC standards in August 2024: $ETH
FIPS 203 (ML-KEM): A key encapsulation mechanism based on lattice problems.
FIPS 204 (ML-DSA): A digital signature algorithm also rooted in lattice-based cryptography.
FIPS 205 (SLH-DSA): A stateless hash-based digital signature algorithm.
These standards aim to provide cryptographic solutions that are secure against both classical and quantum attacks.
