#EthereumSecurityInitiative ETH Security (Ethereum Security):

Ethereum (ETH) is secured through a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism since the Merge in 2022. Here's how its security works:

Validators Instead of Miners: In PoS, validators lock up ETH (minimum 32 ETH) as a stake. They are randomly selected to propose and validate blocks.

Slashing for Misbehavior: Validators acting maliciously (e.g., proposing invalid blocks) can have their ETH slashed (partially destroyed), deterring attacks.

Decentralization: Thousands of validators globally ensure no single entity controls the network.

Smart Contract Risks: While the base Ethereum protocol is secure, vulnerabilities often come from poorly coded smart contracts. Audits and formal verification are used to reduce this risk.

Layered Security: Ethereum uses cryptographic tools (like digital signatures, hash functions) and constant network upgrades (like Dencun in 2024) to strengthen its defenses.