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The history of Bitcoin is a fascinating story of innovation, ideology, and economic disruption. Here's a concise timeline highlighting key milestone
1. Origins and Invention (2008–2009)
October 31, 2008: A person (or group) under the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto published the Bitcoin white paper titled “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System”.
January 3, 2009: Nakamoto mined the Genesis Block (Block 0) of the Bitcoin blockchain. It contained a message referencing a headline from The Times:
"The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks."
January 9, 2009: The Bitcoin software (v0.1) was released.
2. Early Adoption and Growth (2010–2012)**
May 22, 2010: The first known commercial transaction using Bitcoin occurred when programmer Laszlo Hanyecz paid 10,000 BTC for two pizzas.
(Celebrated as “Bitcoin Pizza Day”)
2010: First cryptocurrency exchange, Mt. Gox, launched.
2011: Bitcoin achieved parity with the US dollar (1 BTC = \$1).
Other cryptocurrencies like Litecoin and Namecoin also emerged
3. Increasing Popularity and Regulation (2013–2016)
2013: Price surged to over \$1,000, drawing massive attention.
2014: Mt. Gox was hacked and filed for bankruptcy, losing 850,000 BTC, highlighting major security and trust issues.
2015: Blockstream and other startups began exploring Bitcoin's underlying blockchain technology for other uses.
4. Scaling Debates and Forks (2017–2018)
2017:
Bitcoin price hit $20,000 in December.
Massive influx of retail investors.
The Bitcoin/Bitcoin Cash split occurred in August due to disagreements over how to scale the network.
*2018: Major price crash followed, known as the “Crypto Winter”.
5. Institutional Adoption and Maturity (2019–2021)
2020–2021:
Corporations like MicroStrategy, Tesla, and Square began buying Bitcoin as a treasury reserve asset.
El Salvador became the first country to adopt Bitcoin as legal tender (September 2021).
*Bitcoin’s price reached a new all-time high of nearly \$69,000 lin November 2021.
6. Regulation, Energy Concerns, and Layer 2 (2022–Present)
2022:
Prices dropped significantly amid broader economic downturns and collapses of platforms like FTX.
Increased scrutiny and regulation from global governments.
2023–2025:
Continued development of Layer 2 technologies like the Lightning Network to improve scalability.
Bitcoin’s fourth halving event occurred in April 2024, reducing the block reward from 6.25 to 3.125 BTC.