The latest situation between India and Pakistan is quite tense, with ongoing escalations in the conflict in the Kashmir region, as detailed below:
Cause of the conflict: On April 22, a major terrorist incident occurred in the town of Pahalgam in Indian-administered Kashmir, resulting in the deaths of 25 Indian citizens and 1 Nepali citizen. The Indian government quickly pointed the finger at 'Pakistan-supported cross-border armed groups,' accusing Pakistan of being a 'protector of terrorism.'
Both sides' actions:
India: On the evening of April 23, India unilaterally suspended the implementation of the 1960 Indus Water Treaty, cutting off cross-border freshwater supplies to Pakistan; closed the core border crossing at the Attari Integrated Check Post, completely prohibiting entry of Pakistani citizens; expelled the Pakistani military advisory group stationed in India, and froze all official exchanges except for emergencies. On April 30, India announced that from that day until May 23, it would close its airspace to Pakistan International Airlines and military aircraft. Indian Prime Minister Modi authorized the Indian armed forces to take decisive measures in response to terrorist incidents, and the Indian military also stated that the Indian and Pakistani forces had been exchanging fire near the Line of Actual Control in Kashmir for several consecutive nights.
Pakistan: Pakistan denies any connection to the shooting incident, describing the attack as a 'domestic extremism event' and accusing India of 'recklessly labeling' it as 'irrational diplomatic risk.' Pakistan closed the Wagah border crossing, suspended the issuance of business and tourist visas to Indian citizens, closed its airspace to Indian civil aviation, and completely halted bilateral trade. The Pakistani Defense Minister stated that the current situation has effectively entered a 'low-intensity war state,' and the Pakistani armed forces will implement 'indiscriminate retaliation' against any military provocations.
International Response: UN Secretary-General Guterres urgently voiced his concerns, warning both sides that they are 'on the brink of nuclear conflict,' calling for an immediate ceasefire and the restoration of dialogue mechanisms under the 1972 Shimla Agreement. The Chinese Foreign Ministry emphasized that 'maintaining calm and restraint is the only way out,' urging both sides to 'immediately stop any unilateral actions that exacerbate tensions,' and reaffirming support for resolving disputes through a 'bilateral consultation + international mediation' dual-track mechanism. U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio held phone calls with the Indian Foreign Minister and the Pakistani Prime Minister, supporting India's 'fight against terrorism' and urging Pakistan to cooperate with the investigation into the shooting incident.
