$ETH 1. Scalability with Layer 2

Ethereum is actively working to improve its scalability (that is, its ability to process more transactions quickly and at a lower cost) through Layer 2 solutions such as:

• Optimism

• Arbitrum

• zkSync

• Starknet

These technologies allow offloading the main network (Layer 1) by processing transactions elsewhere and then bundling them onto the main chain.

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2. Ethereum 2.0 (already partially in place)

Since the merge (The Merge) in 2022, Ethereum has transitioned from Proof of Work (PoW) to Proof of Stake (PoS). This has:

• Reduced energy consumption by over 99%.

• Opened the way for future upgrades (such as sharding).

Sharding, planned for the coming years, aims to divide the blockchain into several segments (or shards), each capable of processing its own transactions in parallel, further improving speed.

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3. Development of decentralized applications (dApps)

Ethereum remains the benchmark platform for:

• NFTs

• DeFi (decentralized finance)

• DAOs (decentralized autonomous organizations)

• Blockchain games (GameFi)

The ecosystem continues to attract developers, investors, and innovative projects.

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4. Decentralization and governance

The future of Ethereum also involves better governance. Proposals such as EIP-4844 (proto-danksharding) are underway to facilitate growth while maintaining decentralization and security.