From the perspective of reformers from ancient times to the present:

1/ The first level is Shang Yang and Deng Gong, who established a dissipative structure, absorbed negative entropy from the outside world (land population vs. orders, ideas), and formed a dynamic stability inside (military merit and title vs. making a group of people rich).

2/ The second level is Yongzheng and Zhang Juzheng, among which Yongzheng was more thorough. Of course, Yongzheng also borrowed from Zhang Juzheng's "One Whip". They compressed the rigid middle class (bureaucrats, gentry, Eight Banners) in an isolated system and systematically gave benefits to the bottom (One Whip Law, officials and gentry pay taxes together, and the number of people is included in the land). This model can generally last for about a hundred years.

The land reform in New China also has this direction, of course it is more thorough, eliminating the middle class and completely activating the bottom. Of course, the people's communes that followed blocked the system and almost caused a stroke.

3/The third level is Wang Anshi. The essence of Wang Anshi’s reform was the game of interests between the imperial power and the middle class (literati and the old party). It did not benefit the lower classes, and the imperial power was defeated by the solidified middle class.