#USChinaTensions

US-China tensions are running high, driven by several key factors:

Economic Security and Technological Rivalry

- The US has imposed stringent export controls on semiconductor, critical raw materials, and quantum computing sectors, which China sees as an attempt to choke off its access to future technologies.

- China is promoting economic and technological self-reliance, with some scholars advocating for a balanced approach between government-led innovation and market-driven innovation.

Regional Flashpoints

- *Taiwan Strait*: China views recent tensions as a result of US, Taiwan, and Philippines actions upsetting the status quo. Beijing's stance remains consistent, opposing "Taiwan independence" while promoting peaceful reunification.

- *South China Sea*: China's assertiveness is driven by historical claims and strategic interests. The country claims sovereignty over almost the entire South China Sea, demarcated by the "ten-dash line", which has raised tensions with neighboring countries and the US.

The War in Ukraine

- China's support for Russia has raised concerns in the US and Europe, with Beijing attempting to balance its ties with both Russia and the West.

- Chinese scholars are divided on whether to align with Russia or maintain stable ties with the US and Europe.

Perspectives on US-China Relations

- *International Pessimists*: Scholars like Yan Xuetong believe the US decline is gradual and nonlinear, advocating for a measured approach.

- *Cautious Optimists*: Experts like Fu Mengzi and Chen Wenxin see the US in steady decline, but advocate for peaceful coexistence and cooperation on global issues.

- *Ultra Optimists*: Scholars like Zhang Weiwei and Dai Xu believe the US is in permanent decline, and China will outcompete it due to its economic power, unique political system, and technological prowess.¹