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Particle Network was announced in April 2022 and co-founded by Pengyu Wang and Tao Pan. Both founders have previous experience in mobile game development and created Particle Network to provide backend infrastructure for developers. To date, Particle Network has raised $25 million across four rounds, with notable investors including Spartan Group, Gumi Crypto, Animoca Ventures, LongHash Ventures, and Alibaba Group. On May 2, 2024, Particle Network’s incentivized L1 testnet launched, offering point rewards through the Particle Pioneer platform. Particle Network’s mainnet launch is slated for the second half of 2024.
Network Features
Through its L1 blockchain, Particle Network enables three core functionalities: Universal Accounts, Universal Liquidity, and Universal Gas. Each functionality enables a unique use case with the express purpose of achieving chain abstraction for the user by removing manual multichain interactions from the user experience.
Universal Accounts

Universal Accounts on Particle Network allow each user to have a single, unified address, balance, and interaction point, regardless of which underlying chain the applications or funds sit on. Additionally, Universal Accounts are compatible with both EVM and non-EVM networks, even including networks with limited programmability such as Bitcoin. Particle Network achieves this through the use of ERC-4337 smart contract wallets (smart accounts). Smart accounts allow for greater flexibility, programmability, and security than a typical externally owned account (EOA). Additionally, Universal Accounts improve upon typical smart accounts by enabling them to be cross-chain compatible. As a result, Particle Network users only interact with a unified balance rather than the accounts directly.
For example, assume a user wanted to mint an NFT on an L2 rollup, but all their ETH was on Ethereum Mainnet. Using an EOA, the user would have to sign transactions for the following:
👉Approve the bridging contract
👉Bridge ETH from Ethereum to the L2
👉Approve the mint contract
👉Mint the NFT
However, If the user had used a Universal Account instead, they would only have to sign a single transaction rather than four.
Particle Network is also developing the Universal WaaS SDK(s), which would enable any application to easily integrate Universal Accounts into its product offering. Furthermore, Universal WaaS will allow for applications already integrated with either of Particle Network’s existing Wallet Abstraction services, Modular Smart Wallet-as-a-Service, or BTC Connect, to automatically upgrade any existing smart accounts to Universal Accounts.
Universal Liquidity

Universal Liquidity is the underlying layer for the cross-chain aspects of Particle Network, enabling Universal Accounts to have a singular balance across all supported chains. In simpler terms, Universal Liquidity functions as Particle Network’s cross-chain bridging solution. As such, Universal Liquidity allows users to transact on any supported blockchain, regardless of which blockchain a user’s funds reside on.
For example, assume a user wants to buy an SPL token on Solana, but all their funds are on Ethereum. With Particle Network’s Universal Accounts, the user would only have to sign a single transaction to facilitate this purchase. This is possible because Universal Liquidity handles the actual movement of funds from Ethereum to Solana in this scenario. Achieved through Particle Network’s distributed network of Bundler Nodes, these transactions (UserOperations) are executed on behalf of the user. Ultimately, Universal Liquidity aims to automate cross-chain activities on a per-transaction basis. Typically, cross-chain activities involve multiple transactions across various blockchains. Through Universal Liquidity, the user experience is simplified, allowing users to conduct a cross-chain activity in a single transaction.
Universal Gas

All multichain framework have to overcome the challenge of gas payments. Particle Network’s Universal Gas aims to solve this complexity by abstracting away the specific gas token used. With Particle Network’s Paymaster, users can pay the gas fee of a transaction with any supported token on any supported chain. For example, USDC on Ethereum could be used to pay the gas fee for a transaction on Solana.
When conducting a transaction through a Universal Account, Particle Network prompts the user to choose the token they would like to pay the associated gas fee with. Users have the option to choose multiple tokens, even tokens across multiple blockchains for the gas fee. These tokens are then transferred to the Paymaster, exchanged for Particle Network’s native PARTI token, and then used to settle the associated transaction(s) on the Particle Network. Bundler Nodes are then incentivized to execute the associated transaction(s).
Particle's UniversalX serves as a benchmark, providing a great demonstration effect that shows the benefits of chain abstraction, allowing other products to further explore the application of chain abstraction in different scenarios, such as wallets, payments, e-commerce, and more.
UniversalX
UniversalX is a trading product, and Particle's entry into the trading scenario is very clever and aligns well with market trends.
The scale of on-chain trading is becoming increasingly large, especially in the current meme craze, where most meme trading occurs on-chain.
Particle's UniversalX combines the trading scenario with chain abstraction to adapt to this market trend.
Recently, after Hyperliquid's airdrop, the wealth effect ignited the market, and people began to focus on the potential star DEXs that may emerge in this cycle. What will the next generation of DEXs look like? The new generation of DEXs must be products that have significant advantages in user experience and liquidity.
Particle provides its answer through UniversalX: DEX + chain abstraction = CEX-level user experience.
Binance Hodler Program explanation
Binance has introduced a initiative called HODLer Airdrops, designed to reward BNB token holders and support emerging crypto projects. Parti was the 13th Project in the HODLer Program!
The program will distribute tokens from small to medium-sized ventures to eligible users before they are listed on the Binance exchange, providing early access to new opportunities.
To participate in the HODLer Airdrops, users must hold BNB and subscribe to Binance’s Simple Earn products, either Flexible or Locked.
Eligibility for the airdrops will be determined by random historical snapshots of users’ BNB balances in these products. Binance will announce upcoming HODLer Airdrops in advance, giving users time to prepare for potential rewards.
Once an airdrop is announced, eligible users will receive the tokens in their Spot Wallets within 24 hours, before the token is listed on Binance Spot.
The tokens distributed through this program will come from projects with strong fundamentals, large circulating supplies, and organic communities that are set to be listed on Binance.
To ensure compliance and fairness, users must complete KYC (Know Your Customer) verification and reside in an eligible jurisdiction to participate in the HODLer Airdrops. Binance has set a hard limit on the amount of BNB holdings that will be considered for each airdrop, which will be announced in advance.
Participating in the HODLer Airdrops does not affect users’ standard benefits for holding BNB, such as eligibility for Binance’s Launchpool and Megadrop events.
The program aims to provide additional rewards and benefits on top of existing perks, ensuring a steady stream of passive income for BNB holders.
By engaging with small to medium-sized projects and distributing their tokens to BNB holders, Binance aims to support the development of the blockchain ecosystem and provide users with early access to promising new ventures.
Conclusion
Particle Network is part of a growing narrative: Chain Abstraction. Given its focus on Chain Abstraction, the project can address significant issues within the crypto space, such as difficult user experiences as well as the inherent fragmentation of blockchains that makes it difficult to interact with multiple chains. Alongside these challenges, Particle’s pre-existing solutions also address the complicated UX and onboarding process of Web3, providing solutions around seed phrases, verification processes, asset transfers, and more.
Particle Network connects all of its products through its L1 blockchain. Universal Accounts achieve Chain Abstraction by connecting all elements within its product offering, creating a seamless Web3 experience. These elements include: wallet abstraction, BTC connectivity, liquidity abstraction, and gas abstraction. Gas abstraction is particularly important for the future of the project’s native token, $PARTI, as the entire chain will consume these tokens to settle cross-chain interactions, even if users don’t directly hold them. Furthermore, Particle Network’s interconnected products work together to facilitate the technical implementation of the Universal Accounts.
#PARTI #BinanceHODLer