KEYS POINTS IN FUTURE TRADING:
1. Understanding Futures Contracts
- **Standardized Agreements**: Traded on exchanges, specifying asset, quantity, delivery date, and price.
- **Leverage**: Use of margin (a fraction of the contract value) to control larger positions, amplifying both gains and risks.
2. Market Participants
- **Hedgers**: Entities (e.g., farmers, corporations) mitigating price risk by locking in future prices.
- **Speculators**: Traders seeking profit from price fluctuations.
- **Arbitrageurs**: Exploiting price discrepancies between markets or contracts.
3. Mechanics of Trading
- **Settlement**: Physical delivery (actual asset) or cash settlement (monetary difference).
- **Expiration Dates**: Contracts expire on set dates; traders often "roll over" to subsequent contracts.
- **Mark-to-Market**: Daily settlement of gains/losses, affecting margin balances.
4. Pricing Dynamics
- **Cost of Carry**: Futures price ≈ Spot price + storage, interest, and other costs.
- **Contango vs. Backwardation**: Contango (futures > spot) and backwardation (futures < spot) influence trading strategies.
5. Common Strategies
- **Directional Trades**: Long (anticipating price rise) or short (anticipating price drop).
- **Spreads**: Calendar/spread trading (simultaneous buy/sell of different contract months).
- **Arbitrage**: Capitalizing on price gaps between related assets or markets.
6. Risk Management
- **Stop-Loss Orders**: Automated exits to limit losses.
- **Position Sizing**: Managing exposure to avoid over-leverage.
- **Margin Calls**: Requiring additional funds if account equity falls below maintenance margin.
7. Market Analysis
- **Technical Analysis**: Chart patterns, indicators (e.g., moving averages, RSI).
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