$ETH Gas fees are fees that users need to pay when conducting transactions or executing smart contracts on the Ethereum network, which are used to compensate miners for their computing resource consumption. The level of gas fees directly affects users' transaction costs and network activity. When gas fees are too high, users may postpone or cancel transactions, resulting in network congestion and delayed transaction confirmation. In addition, high gas fees may make small transactions uneconomical and hinder the popularity of decentralized applications (dApps). To alleviate the problem of high gas fees, Ethereum is actively promoting Layer 2 solutions such as Arbitrum and Optimism, which reduce fees and increase processing speed by processing transactions outside the main chain. These measures are aimed at improving user experience and promoting the sustainable development of the Ethereum ecosystem.