Listing all the top companies in the stock market, along with their details, is an extensive task, and the rankings of top companies can change over time. Additionally, there are many stock exchanges around the world. To provide you with a current list of top companies as of my last knowledge update in January 2022 would not be accurate. Here's a general idea of some of the top companies and their details in the United States at that time, based on market capitalization:

1. **Apple Inc. (AAPL)**: Apple is a technology company known for its iPhone, Mac, and other consumer electronics products. It's listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange.

2. **Microsoft Corporation (MSFT)**: Microsoft is a technology company famous for its software products like Windows and Office, and cloud services (Azure). It's listed on NASDAQ.

3. **Amazon.com Inc. (AMZN)**: Amazon is a multinational e-commerce and cloud computing company. It's listed on NASDAQ.

4. **Alphabet Inc. (GOOGL)**: Alphabet is the parent company of Google, the world's leading search engine. It's also listed on NASDAQ.

5. **Facebook, Inc. (now Meta Platforms, Inc.) (FB)**: Facebook is a social media and technology company. It was also listed on NASDAQ.

6. **Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (BRK.A, BRK.B)**: Berkshire Hathaway is a conglomerate holding company known for its investments in various industries. It's not on NASDAQ but traded on the NYSE.

7. **Johnson & Johnson (JNJ)**: Johnson & Johnson is a multinational healthcare and pharmaceutical company. It's listed on the NYSE.

8. **Procter & Gamble (PG)**: Procter & Gamble is a consumer goods and personal care product company. It's listed on the NYSE.

9. **JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPM)**: JPMorgan Chase is a leading financial services company, including banking and investment services. It's listed on the NYSE.

10. **Tesla, Inc. (TSLA)**: Tesla is an electric vehicle and clean energy company. It's listed on NASDAQ.