Trading operations encompass the systems, processes, and teams that ensure financial trades are executed, recorded, and settled accurately. They span the trade lifecycle, starting from order placement to trade confirmation, clearing, settlement, and reconciliation. These operations handle a variety of asset classes, including equities, bonds, derivatives, commodities, and currencies. A primary goal is to minimize operational risks, ensure compliance with market regulations, and maintain accurate records for reporting. Technology supports automation, speed, and real-time oversight, improving efficiency and reducing errors. Effective trading operations require seamless coordination among front, middle, and back offices to deliver transparency, reliability, and client trust.