The PoS blockchain validator operator Chorus One analyzes Solana's new consensus mechanism Alpenglow in comparison to the existing PoH regarding economic incentives and trade-offs. Alpenglow raises Byzantine fault tolerance from 33% to 40%, but requires lower network latency (150ms vs 400ms), reducing approximately 38% of arbitrage and 24% of sandwich attack MEV earnings, which may drive geographic centralization of validators. The sharding propagation design prioritizes high-stake validators, potentially imposing a delay tax on smaller validators, affecting decentralization. Removing PoH may increase the burden of processing invalid transactions. The reward mechanism is susceptible to manipulation, such as self-reporting and voting delays, with randomness leading to earnings fluctuations for low-stake validators. Alpenglow needs to optimize parameters to balance security, efficiency, and fairness. [Wu says]