#TrumpTariffs The term **"Trump tariffs"** refers to the series of **tariffs** (taxes on imports) imposed by the **Trump administration** (2017–2021) as part of its trade policy, particularly targeting China but also affecting allies like the EU, Canada, and Mexico. These tariffs were a key part of Trump's **"America First"** economic agenda, aiming to protect U.S. industries, reduce trade deficits, and pressure other countries into renegotiating trade deals.
### **Key Trump Tariffs:**
1. **Steel and Aluminum Tariffs (2018)**
- **25% on steel imports** & **10% on aluminum imports** (under **Section 232** of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, citing "national security" concerns).
- Applied broadly, including on allies like Canada, EU, and Mexico (some exemptions later granted).
2. **China Tariffs (2018–2019)**
- **$250+ billion** worth of Chinese goods hit with tariffs (up to **25%**) under **Section 301** of the Trade Act of 1974.
- Targeted technology, machinery, and consumer goods, citing unfair trade practices (IP theft, forced tech transfers).
- China retaliated with tariffs on U.S. agricultural (e.g., soybeans) and other goods.
3. **Phase One Trade Deal (2020)**
- A limited agreement where China pledged to buy more U.S. goods, but tariffs largely remained in place.
4. **Other Tariffs**
- **Washing machines & solar panels (2018)** – Tariffs to protect U.S. manufacturers.
- **Auto tariffs (threatened but not fully implemented)** – Proposed 25% on cars/parts (EU negotiations led to delays).
### **Impact of Trump Tariffs:**
✅ **Pros:**
- Some U.S. industries (steel, aluminum) saw short-term boosts.
- Pressured China on trade practices, leading to negotiations.
- Reduced reliance on certain foreign supply chains.
❌ **Cons:**
- **Higher consumer prices** (tariffs often passed to buyers).
- **Retaliatory tariffs** hurt U.S. farmers & exporters.
- **Trade deficits persisted** (U.S. trade gap with China remained high).
- **Strained relations with allies** (EU, Canada