Trump’s re-entry into the White House in 2025 creates new pressure on the international stage, and BRICS seizes the opportunity to expand its influence.
The BRICS bloc is leveraging the U.S. isolationist policy to strengthen its position, expand membership, and promote multilateral cooperation to counter unilateral trade protectionist policies.
MAIN CONTENT
BRICS expanded from 5 to 10 members, representing nearly 40% of global GDP and 50% of the world's population.
The bloc voices opposition to unilateral trade protectionist policies, particularly those of the U.S. under Trump.
Intra-bloc relations still have many differences, mainly due to differing strategies and national interests.
How does BRICS leverage the policy vacuum of the United States?
According to Bloomberg, Trump's return to protectionist economic policies has created an opportunity for BRICS to reshape its global role. Representatives of the expanded BRICS nations met in Rio de Janeiro to oppose the forthcoming unilateral tariffs to be implemented on July 9.
Xolisa Mabhongo, South Africa's chief negotiator, emphasized that these measures are not beneficial for global economic stability and development. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson, Mao Ning, also affirmed the goal of protecting multilateralism and strengthening the BRICS strategic partnership.
Trump’s unilateral trade policies "undermine global economic stability and development," according to Xolisa Mabhongo, South Africa’s lead negotiator, July 2025, Bloomberg.
Xolisa Mabhongo, Chief Negotiator of South Africa, 7/2025, Bloomberg
How does the expanded BRICS influence?
The initial BRICS bloc included Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, which has now expanded to include 5 new members (Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Indonesia, UAE). As a result, the bloc represents about 40% of global GDP and 50% of the world's population.
However, as experts note, this diversity reduces political unity due to countries having differing interests and perspectives, especially on sensitive issues like international conflicts. Vladimir Putin did not attend due to an international arrest warrant, and Chinese President Xi Jinping also did not attend in Rio.
Are intra-BRICS relations stable?
Despite increased economic cooperation, divisions within BRICS remain evident. For example, Egypt pushed to include the issue of Gaza border security in the joint statement, while Russia and China opposed mentioning current conflicts.
This shows that the majority of members have differing views on international peace and security. Furthermore, Egypt and Ethiopia do not agree with South Africa's proposal to hold a permanent seat on the UN Security Council.
"BRICS remains a multidimensional grouping with differing interests and goals, limiting strategic consistency," said expert David Shinn, U.S. Institute of Research, June 2025.
David Shinn, Cryptocurrency and International Relations Expert, 6/2025
How is intra-bloc trade and environmental development cooperation?
According to the International Monetary Fund, intra-BRICS trade has increased by 40% since 2021, reaching $740 billion annually. U.S. protectionist trade policies have prompted members to seek cooperation opportunities and establish new trade routes less dependent on the U.S.
For the first time, BRICS discussed climate finance, while China proactively led environmental negotiations with Brazil and Indonesia in preparation for the annual UN climate conference. This indicates that the bloc is shifting towards a counterbalancing role in global climate cooperation, especially as the U.S. withdraws from the Paris Agreement.
Comparison table of GDP and population contributions of old and expanded BRICS
Member Group Number of Countries % Global GDP % Global Population Initial BRICS 5 ~25% ~35% Expanded BRICS 10 ~40% ~50%
Frequently Asked Questions
What is BRICS?
BRICS is an economic cooperation bloc of major emerging economies aimed at increasing influence on the international stage.Why did BRICS expand its membership?
To increase economic and political power, representing a more diverse population and global economy.What influence does BRICS have on global trade policy?
The bloc opposes unilateral protectionist policies and promotes multilateral trade cooperation.What difficulties does current BRICS diplomacy face?
Difficulties arise from differing interests among members and geopolitical disputes.How does BRICS contribute to climate cooperation?
The bloc is beginning to discuss climate finance and coordinate sustainable initiatives.
Source: https://tintucbitcoin.com/brics-mo-rong-anh-huong-toan-cau/
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