Proof of Stake (PoS) is a consensus mechanism used in blockchain networks to confirm transactions in a more energy-efficient way than traditional mining (Proof of Work - PoW). Instead of solving complex mathematical problems, participants stake a portion of their coins as "collateral" to contribute to the security of the network.
Validators are randomly selected based on the amount staked and the duration of the stake, and they are rewarded for their work. Networks like Ethereum (after the Merge update), Cardano, and Polygon utilize this system.
Its features include low energy consumption, faster transaction speeds, and ease of participation without the need for expensive mining hardware. With increasing environmental awareness, PoS is considered a promising future for blockchain.