Why does quantum computing represent a threat to Bitcoin?

1. Public encryption keys:

• Bitcoin relies on the ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm) digital signature algorithm.

• If a powerful quantum computer obtains a public key, it could theoretically deduce the private key using Shor’s Algorithm, enabling it to control the address and steal coins.

2. Vulnerability of exposed addresses:

• Any address used to transfer coins from becomes public, making it susceptible to a quantum attack in the future.

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⏳ Why is the threat real within 5 years?

• We are still far from having quantum devices capable of actually breaking ECDSA, but:

• Advancements in qubit research are progressing rapidly.

• Some estimates suggest that around 1500 - 2000 logical qubits are needed to break the private key.

• Major companies like IBM