According to the latest news on June 12, 2025, U.S. President Trump announced that he will send formal letters to major global trading partners in the next one to two weeks, unilaterally setting tariff rates and requiring the other party to accept the agreement before the tariff suspension deadline on July 9, or else higher tariffs will be implemented. This move is seen as a strategy to pressure multiple countries to accelerate trade negotiations, but its execution outlook is uncertain.

Key information summary:

1. Plan content and timeline

Trump stated that tariff rates will be personalized based on the degree of trade deficits of each country, and countries must decide whether to accept the terms before July 9. Previously, the U.S. had suspended 'reciprocal tariffs' for 90 days (until July 8) on dozens of economies, but Trump hinted that this deadline might not be extended, saying, 'I don't think it's necessary.'

2. Legal disputes and judicial challenges

On May 28, the U.S. International Trade Court ruled that the tariffs imposed by Trump under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) were 'overreach,' but the Federal Appeals Court approved a stay of the ruling on June 11, allowing the tariffs to remain in place at least until July 31. If ultimately unsuccessful in court, Trump may turn to other laws such as Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974 to continue imposing tariffs.

3. International reactions and economic impact

- Allies push back: The EU, Japan, South Korea, and others have clearly opposed unilateral tariffs, threatening countermeasures.

- Market turbulence: U.S. stock futures and the dollar index fell due to tariff uncertainty, while gold prices soared to $3,377 per ounce.

- Supply chain shocks: If tariffs are imposed, the costs for global industries like pharmaceuticals, automobiles, and electronics will rise significantly, with consumers facing risks of soaring drug prices and product shortages.

4. Trump’s strategic considerations

Analysis suggests that this move aims to strengthen the 'America First' image through 'time-limited negotiations' and shift domestic economic contradictions. Previously, Trump had to compromise on tariffs against China due to Chinese countermeasures (such as rare earth export controls) and shifted the pressure focus to the EU, India, and other countries.

Summary

Trump's tariff plan combines political maneuvering and economic risks, and its execution will depend on the outcomes of legal lawsuits, negotiation progress, and ally reactions. If ultimately implemented, it could further exacerbate global trade divisions, but the market generally expects a repetition of its history of 'empty checks.'