Litecoin:

This currency is very similar to Bitcoin, but it has moved faster to develop new innovations, including faster payments and operations to allow for more transactions.

Ripple:

Ripple is a distributed ledger system founded in 2012. Ripple can be used to track different types of transactions, not just cryptocurrency. The company behind it has worked with several banks and financial institutions.

Cryptocurrencies that do not rely on Bitcoin are collectively known as "altcoins" to distinguish them from the original currencies.