A trading operation refers to the complete process involved in buying and selling financial instruments, such as stocks, currencies, commodities, or derivatives. It includes market analysis, order placement, execution, settlement, and risk management. Operations can be manual or automated, often supported by trading platforms and brokerage services. Key roles in trading operations include traders, analysts, compliance officers, and back-office staff who ensure smooth transaction processing and regulatory adherence. Efficient trading operations require strong coordination, technological infrastructure, and risk controls to minimize errors and maximize profitability. These operations are essential for maintaining liquidity, ensuring market efficiency, and supporting investment strategies.