Farewell to the Vulnerable Era of Solidity: Blockchain Needs C++ to Build a More Powerful Virtual Machine

Solidity, as the dominant smart contract language of Ethereum, has played a key role in promoting the early development of the blockchain ecosystem, but its structural flaws have now become obstacles to the industry's progress.

First, security issues are frequent. Reentrancy attacks, integer overflow, and abuse of delegatecall lead to a myriad of vulnerabilities. The root cause lies in the lack of strong type constraints and resource permission models in Solidity. Although its syntax is similar to JavaScript, the semantics are complex and debugging is difficult. Misuse of variable scope and storage distinctions, combined with vague compiler error messages, increases development and maintenance costs.

Secondly, the underlying EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine) is inefficient. The EVM has a stack-based structure and cannot execute concurrently, which severely limits performance. The lack of modularity, upgrade mechanisms, and security abstractions forces developers to rely on inefficient and error-prone proxy contract patterns. The “deformed code” written to save gas severely damages code readability and security.

In contrast, C++ is an ideal choice for building high-performance virtual machines. It not only has near-native execution efficiency but also supports concurrent processing, JIT compilation, memory isolation, and resource scheduling. Projects like EOSIO and TON have already built VMs with C++ that far surpass the EVM, achieving functionalities such as modular contracts, permission systems, and resource leasing.

C++ virtual machines can also implement security policies at the lower level, directly limiting reentrancy and unifying resource access permissions, thereby reducing the room for developer errors. Meanwhile, C++ has a rich and mature toolchain for debugging and static analysis, providing a reliable guarantee for building industrial-grade contract systems.

Although the development threshold for C++ is higher, this is a necessary process for blockchain to enter a formal and engineering phase. Future smart contract platforms can no longer rely on the frequently vulnerable “toy language,” but should be as stable, rigorous, and maintainable as operating systems and databases.

The era of blockchain has bid farewell to the barbaric stage of hackers writing scripts and quickly going online. To build the infrastructure for a new era, it is essential to use C++ to create a truly secure, scalable, and verifiable virtual machine, breaking free from the shackles of low-quality hacker code and moving towards a standardized and mature future.