Germany Returns to Nuclear Energy
The German government has canceled its phased abandonment of nuclear power plants, despite the shutdown of the last three reactors in 2023. It was previously planned to completely close nuclear generation by 2035, transferring 80% of the energy balance to renewable energy sources.
Electricity production over 10 years (2011–2021) fell from 612 to 596 TWh, while consumption decreased from 605 to 480 TWh. If in 2021 Germany exported 70 TWh, by 2023 it began importing electricity, maintaining exports only to Austria and Luxembourg.
The average wholesale price is €98/MWh, which has triggered a rise in tariffs and the closure of enterprises.
Challenges of Reviving Nuclear Power Plants:
- The last three reactors are already in the process of dismantling, and part of the infrastructure has been destroyed.
- The construction of new units will take 6–8 years.
- Sanctions against Russia (the main fuel supplier) and difficulties with waste disposal.
Although the UN recognized nuclear energy as 'green', Germany must overcome technological and political barriers. Meanwhile, the French model is prevailing in the EU: their nuclear power plants have received 'green' status, while Siemens has traditionally lobbied for gas.$XRP