Elon Musk has publicly shown support for several cryptocurrencies over time, but he's most famously associated with Dogecoin (DOGE). He has tweeted about it multiple times, referred to it as "the people's crypto," and even mentioned it during TV appearances like Saturday Night Live.
He has also talked about Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH), and Tesla briefly accepted Bitcoin as payment. However, his strongest and most consistent public support has been for Dogecoin.