In 2025, U.S. President Donald Trump returned to the use of tariffs, imposing high duties on Chinese imports that reached 145%, before being later reduced to 30% as part of a temporary 90-day calming agreement. China, for its part, responded by lowering its tariffs to 10%, in an attempt to curb the escalation.

Despite the severity of the measures, the U.S. inflation rate recorded a decline to 2.3% in April – the lowest level in four years – supported by previously available imported stocks. However, this decline appears to be temporary, as experts anticipate rising prices once those stocks run out, signaling a potential return of inflation in the summer.

In the long term, economic models such as the "Penn Wharton Budget Model" predict that these tariffs will reduce the U.S. GDP by 6%, with an expected decline in wages of 5%, which equates to a loss estimated at around $22,000 for a middle-income family over their lifetime.

Conversely, India found a golden opportunity amid the tensions, as major American companies like Apple moved part of their production lines there, bolstering New Delhi's efforts to establish itself as a global industrial hub.

Although markets calmed somewhat after the temporary agreement, the continued high tariffs and supply chain disruptions continue to impose heavy challenges on the global economy, particularly the American economy.