$BTC O **Bitcoin (BTC)** is the first and most well-known cryptocurrency in the world, created in 2009 by a person (or group) under the pseudonym **Satoshi Nakamoto**. He introduced the concept of a decentralized electronic cash system, based on a technology called **blockchain**.
### **Main Features of Bitcoin:**
1. **Decentralization**: It is not controlled by governments, banks, or any central entity. The network is maintained by thousands of nodes (computers) spread across the world.
2. **Limited Supply**: Only **21 million BTC** will be created, making it a deflationary asset (in contrast to traditional currencies, which can be printed infinitely).
3. **Blockchain**: All transactions are recorded in a public and immutable ledger, ensuring transparency and security.
4. **Mining**: New bitcoins are created through mining, where computers solve complex mathematical problems to validate transactions and add blocks to the blockchain.
5. **Pseudonymity**: Transactions are not directly linked to real identities but can be traced through public addresses.
### **Advantages of Bitcoin:**
- **Censorship Resistant**: Transactions cannot be easily blocked.
- **Global and Fast**: It can be sent anywhere in the world without intermediaries.
- **Store of Value ("Digital Gold")**: Many investors see BTC as protection against inflation and economic crises.
### **Challenges and Criticisms:**
- **Volatility**: The price of BTC can fluctuate dramatically in a short time.
- **Scalability**: The network has limitations on the number of transactions per second (compared to systems like Visa or PayPal).
- **Regulation**: Governments are still defining how to deal with cryptocurrencies, which may affect their adoption.
- **Environmental Impact**: BTC mining consumes a lot of energy (although there are efforts to use renewable sources).