#PectraUpgrade The Pectra upgrade is now live on the Ethereum mainnet, bringing significant enhancements to the network. Here are the key changes it introduces ¹ ²:
- *Smarter Wallets*: EIP-7702 enables users to enhance their Externally Owned Accounts (EOAs) with smart contract functionality, allowing for:
- *Transaction Batching*: Multiple operations can execute atomically within a single transaction.
- *Gas Sponsorship*: Others can pay for transaction fees, useful for accounts without ETH.
- *Alternative Authentication*: Hardware security modules (HSMs) can authorize operations via technologies like passkeys.
- *Spending Controls*: Limit token spending or cap daily outflows from wallets.
- *Recovery Mechanisms*: Different options for safeguarding assets without migrating to new accounts.
- *Validator UX Improvements*:
- *Increased Staking Limit*: EIP-7251 raises the maximum effective balance for validators from 32 ETH to 2048 ETH, enabling reward compounding.
- *Execution Layer Triggerable Withdrawals*: EIP-7002 allows validators to exit using execution layer withdrawal credentials.
- *Faster Deposit Processing*: EIP-6110 reduces deposit processing delays from 9 hours to 13 minutes.
- *Blob Scaling*:
- *Increased Blob Throughput*: EIP-7691 doubles Ethereum's blob throughput, increasing average blob count per block from 3 to 6.
- *Calldata Cost Increase*: EIP-7623 increases calldata pricing for data-heavy transactions, bounding worst-case block size.
- *Other Changes*:
- *Historical Block Hashes*: EIP-2935 creates a system contract to serve the last 8192 block hashes.
- *Precompile for BLS12-381*: EIP-2537 adds new precompiles for curve operations.
- *Move Committee Index*: EIP-7549 moves committee index outside attestation for efficiency.
The Pectra upgrade aims to improve Ethereum's scalability, security, and user experience ³.
