🧨 The 51% Attack on Ethereum Classic (ETC)

In January 2019, the Ethereum Classic (ETC) network suffered a 51% attack, where a malicious actor gained majority control over the blockchain’s hash rate and reorganized over 100 blocks, double-spending more than $1 million worth of ETC.

🧠 A 51% attack occurs when a single entity controls more than half of a blockchain’s mining power, allowing them to manipulate transaction history and undermine network trust.

⚠️ This was not the first — or last — attack on ETC. The network faced multiple reorganizations throughout 2020, sparking criticism over its low security budget and lack of developer support.

💡 The incident led to debates about the viability of smaller proof-of-work chains and pushed many toward proof-of-stake alternatives.

💬 The ETC case remains a powerful reminder that decentralization requires resources, not just ideology.

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