#USHouseMarketStructureDraft

The U.S. housing market operates within a complex structure influenced by supply and demand, interest rates, government policies, and economic conditions. It includes primary markets—where homes are bought and sold—and secondary mortgage markets, where home loans are traded. Key players include real estate agents, lenders, developers, and government-sponsored enterprises like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The market is also shaped by zoning laws, construction costs, and demographic trends. Post-pandemic shifts, such as remote work, have altered demand patterns, increasing pressure in suburban and Sun Belt regions. Understanding this structure is essential for policymakers, investors, and homebuyers alike.