Short-term technical leadership, long-term challenges

Current advantages:

Modular architecture: Reducing L2 costs by over 90% through EIP-4844 (Proto-Danksharding)

ZK ecosystem: Processing over 5 million ZK proof transactions daily (Polygon zkEVM data)

Developer network effect: The deployment volume of Solidity smart contracts is 50 times that of Cardano Plutus (Electric Capital data)

Potential risks:

L2 centralization tendency: The top three L2s (Arbitrum/Optimism/Base) control over 80% of market share

Cardano's differentiated path: Adopting the "native assets + Hydra scaling" solution to avoid L2 dependence