The use of cryptocurrency in Sudan has grown significantly in the last five years as people seek a safeguard against hyperinflation, sanctions-era banking difficulties and remittance backlogs. Chain analytics revealed that the amount of crypto transactions related to Sudan increased by more than twofold on a year-on-year basis in 2024-25, primarily due to the trading of stablecoins between peers and off-shore exchanges accessed through VPNs.
As activity outstrips formal regulation, it is important that investors, miners, freelancers and businesses know how the tax system currently treats digital assets, and where new rules are going. The Taxation Chamber of the Ministry of Finance in Sudan governs the income-related obligations, whereas the Central Bank of Sudan (CBOS) releases the prudential circulars, which indirectly influence the crypto compliance.
Tax Authorities & Regulations
Primary tax collection body: Sudan Taxation Chamber (an organ of the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning).
Indirectly-affecting supervisory bodies: Central Bank of Sudan (CBOS) and the Digital Transformation Agency.
Important instruments in force:
Electronic Transactions Act 2007- establishes a fundamental electronic-commerce regulation but was enacted before Bitcoin.
Income Tax Act 1986 and subsidiary regulations-encompasses the term miscellaneous income, which is the basket in which crypto gains are being thrown right now.
AML Circulars (2019- 2024) banks and mobile-money operators must report Suspicious Transaction Reports in case of crypto-linked transfers above approximately SDG 4 million (8,000).
Crypto legal status: intangible property (neither legal tender nor foreign currency). As a result profits are taxed under the income tax regime; there is no particular capital gains code existing yet.
Types of Crypto Taxes in Sudan
Capital Gains Tax (CGT) – Un-codified as yet; gains currently rolled up into the category of miscellaneous income.
Income Tax
Profits of trading (fiat-settled or crypto-to-fiat).
Rewards through mining or staking.
Airdrops, forks, and tokens obtained as payment of services.
Value-Added Tax (VAT) Digital-asset exchanges will not be subject to VAT, unless they are involved in the payment of goods/services with crypto, in which case standard VAT (17%) will apply to the underlying sale.
Withholding Tax-Draft – The FinTech Bill suggests 2 percent tax on large crypto-to-fiat cash out.
Wealth/Inheritance Tax-No particular crypto at this point.
Tax Rates & Brackets
Individual miscellaneous income/capital gain rate: a fixed 15% on net crypto profits.
Corporate income tax on crypto-intensive corporations: headline 35% corporate rate (equal to other profits).
Large conversion proposed withholding 2% at the source when annual cash-outs exceed USD 50,000 (FinTech Bill, pending).
Exemptions:
De minimis exemption of gains less than SDG 100,000 (= USD 200) per tax year.
Zero-rating can be applied by non-resident humanitarian organizations that are running blockchain pilots using the Relief & Charity Order.
Crypto Transactions & Tax Treatment
Purchase of crypto using fiat currency – Non-taxable acquisition event; the purchase fees are not considered as deductible until the time of disposal.
Selling crypto to fiat currency- Taxable; gain = proceeds -cost basis -permissible fees.
Crypto-to-crypto swaps – These are deemed as two disposals; the fair-market value in Sudanese pound on trade date is to be reported.
Mining / Staking rewards – The reward received on mining or staking is treated as ordinary income; depreciation of mining equipment is permitted over 3 years.
Salary or vendor payments in crypto – Employer will have to convert to SDG value on payroll date and deduct PAY.
DeFi lending, yield farming, interest or token compensation is income; impermanent-loss reimbursement is gain/loss.
NFT mints & sales- Trading profits and artist royalties are a taxable income; collectors have gains on resale.
Crypto Tax Reporting & Compliance
Sudanese taxpayers are obliged to report crypto income on the annual Form F15 Miscellaneous and Investment Income and a Crypto Annexe (Schedule C-DX) with the date, token, quantity, fiat value, and counterparty/exchange reference of each transaction.
Exchanges that are found in Sudan or that are serving the Sudanese residents are required to issue year-end statements as stipulated in the AML reporting principles.
Record-keeping: Keep a copy of trade logs, blockchain explorer links, and KYC screenshots of seven years. The deadline to file is 31 March after the tax year; failure to file on time results in a 5% surcharge per month (maximum 25%).
Tax Deductions & Exemptions
The cryptocurrency trading losses can be used to offset other gains earned in the same year in the capital-market and can be carried forward to three years. The direct costs of crypto operations that are taxed, such as exchange fees, wallet-security subscriptions, mining electricity expenses, professional-advisor costs, are deductible against crypto income.
Nevertheless, the use of personal-use hardware wallets and VPN subscriptions is prohibited. In case you are operating a registered crypto-broking company, a wider range of deductions (rents of offices, employee expenses) can be used according to the business Profit Tax Code.
Caution: Wash sale (sale of the same token followed by a repurchase within 30 days of the sale at a loss) does not count toward loss deduction.
Enforcement & Penalties for Non-Compliance
The Taxation Chamber works together with CBOS and telecommunication operators to triangulate the activity of the wallet. Bank and mobile-money gatekeepers submit threshold reports, whereas foreign exchanges exchange user information under the FATF Recommendation 36 treaties. Regional RegTech vendor provides blockchain analytics dashboards that identify large flows denominated in SDGs, clusters, and the use of mixing services.
The failure to report taxable crypto income may result in:
Administrative punishment: up to 200% of the underpaid tax, with interest (CBOS Circular 9/2024).
Account freezes: Banks can be directed to freeze the linked fiat accounts by CBOS.
Criminal prosecution: Willful avoidance of SDG 10 million and more (= USD 20,000) is punishable by 1-3 years in prison according to the Tax Offences Act 2022.
Travel bans: Delinquent taxpayers who owe a lot of money might be included in the customs exit-control list until the amount is paid.
The penalty can be lowered to 20% and criminal charges are shielded in case of voluntary disclosure within 90 days of discovery.
Future of Crypto Taxation in Sudan
The FinTech Bill will be debated in Q4 2025 parliament. The draft establishes licensing levels on virtual-asset service providers and codifies the 2% cash-out tax, and considers zero-rating bonafide remittance corridors. CBOS is also considering a regulatory sandbox of blockchain pilots in agriculture, traceability and land registries. In case the bill is introduced, it may introduce clearer regulations and small incentives to start-ups and diaspora investors.
Conclusion
Sudan imposes crypto taxation via its current system of income taxes: profits are subject to the 15% miscellaneous income, businesses are subject to the 35% corporate rate, and a 2% withholding tax is in the pipeline. Purchase is not taxed, whereas nearly all disposals or rewards are taxable and careful record-keeping is required. Regulatory instruments, such as exchange reporting, on-chain analytics, and others, are becoming advanced, making voluntary compliance the most secure option. In case of uncertainty, refer to a Sudan-certified tax adviser to maximise deductions and prevent imposing hefty fines.
FAQs
1. Is Bitcoin illegal in Sudan?
No. Crypto is not legal to settle invoices, mining is prohibited and possession and peer-to-peer trading are permitted.
2. How do I report crypto gains on my tax?
Add them on Form F15 and fill in the Schedule C-DX Crypto Annex.
3. What is the tax treatment on crypto-to-crypto swaps?
They initiate a taxation of fair-market SDG value of both assets on a swap date.
4. Can I take my 2025 crypto losses with 2024 gains?
Yes–losses can be put back as much as three years in case they are more than the gains in the current year.
5. Will the FinTech Bill proposed alter my rate of tax?
The Bill leaves the 15 % rate of income-tax unchanged and puts a 2 % withholding on large fiat cash-outs as well as possibly creating new reporting obligations.
6. Do NFTs have a different taxation?
No- NFT sales and royalties are considered regular crypto-income.
The post Crypto Taxation in Sudan: A Complete Guide appeared first on Coinfomania.
